Hubungan Keanekaragaman Makrofauna Tanah dengan Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah pada Umur yang Berbeda di Lahan Reklamasi Pasca Tambang Batu Bara PT. Singlurus Pratama
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30872/jatl.9.1.2026.25990.56-69Keywords:
Lahan Reklamasi, Keanekaragaman, Makrofauna tanah, Sifat Kimia TanahAbstract
Penambangan batu bara menyebabkan hilangnya lapisan tanah yang subur dan seresah sebagai pelindung sekaligus simpanan hara sebelum terjadinya dekomposisi oleh organisme tanah. sehingga perlu dilaksanakan reklamasi agar dapat memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah. Makrofauna tanah memiliki peran sangat penting dalam menentukan produktivitas lahan dan bioindikator tingkat kualitas lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui indeks keanekaragaman makrofauna tanah dan hubungan keanekaragaman makrofauna tanah dengan beberapa sifat kimia tanah pada umur yang berbeda di lahan reklamasi pasca tambang batu bara PT. Singlurus Pratama. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2023 sampai dengan Januari 2024. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode eksploratif berupa survei. Sampel diambil pada lahan reklamasi pasca tambang batu bara umur 4, 8, dan 13 tahun berdasarkan keseragaman vegetasi yang tumbuh, topografi, lereng secara acak dan sistematis. Sampel tanah diambil kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis pH, C-Organik, Bahan Organik, N-Total, dan C/N rasio di Laboratorium Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Mulawarman. Analisis data menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon dan Wiener serta rumus correl pada aplikasi Microsoft Excel 2010. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan Indeks kenanekaragaman makrofauna tanah (H’) yang tertinggi pada lahan reklamasi pasca tambang batu bara umur 13 tahun tetapi masih tergolong rendah, diikuti dengan umur 8 tahun dan 4 tahun yang tergolong rendah. Hubungan antara keanekaragaman makrofauna tanah (H’) dengan beberapa sifat kimia tanah pada umur yang berbeda di lahan reklamasi pasca tambang batu bara menunjukkan c-organik dan bahan organik dengan hubungan positif dari rendah hingga subtansial, tetapi pH, N-Total, C/N rasio dengan hubungan negatif maupun positif dari rendah, subtansial hingga tinggi.
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