Inventarisasi Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan pada Tanaman Buah Naga (Hylocereus sp.) di Desa Batuah Kecamatan Loa Janan Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30872/jatl.8.2.2026.20018.9-16

Keywords:

Buah Naga, Hylocereus, Kalimantan Timur, Kukar

Abstract

Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara (Kukar) memiliki potensi lahan yang luas, iklim yang sesuai, serta antusiasme petani lokal sebagai daerah penghasil buah naga utama di Kalimantan Timur, bahkan secara nasional. Desa Batuah Kecamatan Loa Janan merupakan salah satu desa produsen buah naga yang cukup tinggi yang dikelola bersama gabungan kelompok tani. Pengolahan dan pemanfaatan buah naga kini dihadapkan dengan masalah budidaya serta hama dan penyakit. Serangan hama dan penyakit dapat menurunkan hasil panen serta menurunkan kualitas dan kuantitas laba, sehingga menjadi hambatan tersendiri dalam produksi buah naga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hama dan penyakit yang menyerang buah naga di Desa Batuah. Penelitian inventarisasi ini dilakukan selama 1 bulan di lima kebun buah naga yang berbeda. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak pada tanaman yang menunjukkan gejala serangan. Identifikasi patogen jamur dilakukan di laboratorium secara morfologi berdasarkan kultur dan pengamatan mikroskopis, sementara identifikasi hama dan nematoda dilakukan di lapangan dan laboratorium melalui pengamatan visual dan morfologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman buah naga di Desa Batuah banyak terserang hama dan penyakit, yang sebagian besar oleh jamur, bakteri, dan lalat buah. Namun, untuk bakteri dapat dilihat hanya dengan gejala dan tanda, sementara nematoda yang ditemukan adalah non parasit. Beberapa tanaman yang diserang oleh jamur diantaranya Fusarium sp, Phytophthora sp. Pythium sp. Botryodiplodia sp. dan Bipolaris sp. Jamur yang banyak didapatkan dalam penelitian ini adalah Fusarium sp. Hama yang banyak ditemui dan merusak buah naga adalah larva lalat buah (Bactrocera sp). Nematoda non parasit yang ditemukan pada tanaman buah naga dalam penelitian ini adalah nematoda Rhabditis sp., Dorylaimus sp., dan Aphelenchus sp.

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Published

2026-02-02

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Agroekoteknologi Tropika Lembab Volume 8 Nomor 2 Februari 2026

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