ANALISIS STATUS MUTU AIR HULU SUNGAI LAWA MENGGUNAKAN METODE INDEKS PENCEMARAN DAN STORET DI KABUPATEN KUTAI BARAT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30872/cmg.v10i1.26661Abstract
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji kualitas air di hulu Sungai Lawa, Kabupaten Kutai Barat, dengan menggunakan metode Indeks Pencemaran (IP) dan STORET. Sungai Lawa memiliki peran ekologis, sosial, dan ekonomi penting bagi masyarakat, namun dalam dua dekade terakhir menghadapi tekanan antropogenik akibat pertambangan batubara, perkebunan, dan pemukiman. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pengukuran parameter fisika, kimia, dan biologi pada tujuh titik selama dua periode.Hasil menunjukkan bahwa metode IP menempatkan mutu air pada kategori cemar ringan dengan skor rata-rata 2,298–2,499. Sebaliknya, metode STORET menghasilkan kategori tercemar sedang dengan skor rata-rata -25, bahkan pada Titik 3 dan Titik 5 masuk kategori tercemar berat. Parameter yang paling berkontribusi terhadap penurunan kualitas air adalah TSS, DO rendah, BOD dan COD tinggi, pH asam, fosfat, serta kontaminasi mikrobiologi berupa Fecal Coliform.Kesimpulan penelitian menegaskan bahwa kualitas air Hulu Sungai Lawa telah mengalami degradasi nyata. IP lebih konsisten untuk analisis tren jangka panjang, sedangkan STORET lebih sensitif terhadap variasi spasial. Penggunaan keduanya secara komplementer memberikan gambaran utuh kondisi mutu air. Strategi pengelolaan DAS berbasis data, restorasi ekosistem, pengendalian limbah, serta integrasi kearifan lokal diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas air menuju kategori baik
Kata Kunci: Sungai Lawa, kualitas air, Indeks Pencemaran, STORET, DAS
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