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Dinamika Permudaan Alam dan Perannya dalam Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan di Kawasan Ibu Kota Nusantara
Abstract
Dinamika permudaan alam merupakan indikator penting keberhasilan restorasi hutan karena mencerminkan kapasitas ekosistem untuk pulih secara mandiri. Penelitian ini mengkaji dinamika permudaan alam di kawasan Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) dan mengevaluasi perannya terkait konsep pembangunan kota hutan. Analisis vegetasi dilakukan pada tiga periode pengamatan (2022-2024) menggunakan jalur transek sistematis pada tiga tipe lahan: eks-hutan tanaman industri, area terbuka terdegradasi, dan kawasan sekitar Persemaian Mentawir. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi Indeks Nilai Penting (INP), frekuensi relatif dan kerapatan individu (individu ha⁻¹). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kerapatan permudaan alam awalnya rendah dan didominasi jenis pionir namun meningkat konsisten pada periode berikutnya, mengindikasikan proses suksesi awal. Jenis- endemik Kalimantan seperti Shorea spp., Dryobalanops spp., dan Eusideroxylon zwageri (Ulin) mulai teridentifikasi, menandai transisi menuju hutan sekunder. Namun, kontribusi permudaan alam terhadap Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan (RHL) belum optimal akibat tumpang tindih dengan kegiatan konstruksi, lemahnya koordinasi antarpemangku kepentingan, serta kurangnya integrasi perencanaan RHL dengan pengelolaan persemaian. Integrasi indikator kuantitatif permudaan alam kedalam perencanaan RHL sangat diperlukan untuk mempercepat pemulihan ekosistem dan mewujudkan konsep kota hutan berbasis hutan hujan tropis di IKN.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32522/ujht.v10i1.26044
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