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Karakteristik Morfometri dan Relevansinya dengan Banjir pada DAS Nipah dan Malimbu, Lombok Utara
Abstract
DAS kecil di pulau kecil perlu penanganan khusus karena rentan terhadap banjir akibat dari jarak lintas sungai yang pendek dan respon hidrologi yang cepat. Ada keterkaitan antara karakteristik morfometri DAS dengan banjir, sehingga identifikasi karakteristik morfometri DAS merupakan langkah awal penting dalam pengelolaan DAS. Morfometri DAS merupakan representasi kuantitatif dari bentuk, ukuran, relief, dan konfigurasi jaringan drainase yang berpengaruh terhadap respons hidrologi DAS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik morfometri DAS Nipah dan DAS Malimbu serta mengkaji relevansinya terhadap banjir di Kabupaten Lombok Utara. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode survei berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dengan memanfaatkan data DEMNAS resolusi spasial 8 m. Analisis morfometri meliputi parameter luas DAS, panjang DAS, circularity ratio (Rc), bifurcation ratio (Rb), drainage density (Dd), length of overland flow (Lg), texture ratio (Rt), relief ratio (Rr), dan stream frequency (Fs). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa DAS Malimbu dan DAS Nipah termasuk kategori DAS sangat kecil dengan luas masing-masing 5,56 km² dan 3,52 km². Kedua DAS memiliki nilai Dd sebesar 3,95 dan 3,93 km/km², nilai Lg rendah (<0,2 km), serta Rt yang termasuk kategori halus, yang menunjukkan jaringan drainase berkembang baik dan tingkat diseksi bentang lahan yang relatif tinggi. Nilai Rc yang rendah (0,44 dan 0,41) menunjukkan bahwa kedua DAS memiliki bentuk cenderung memanjang. DAS Nipah memiliki nilai Fs (30,11 alur/km²), Rt (10,97), dan Rr (0,163) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan DAS Malimbu, sedangkan DAS Malimbu memiliki nilai Rb lebih tinggi (7,82). Secara keseluruhan, kedua DAS menunjukkan respons hidrologi yang relatif cepat terhadap hujan, namun DAS Nipah memiliki kecenderungan lebih tinggi dalam menghasilkan limpasan permukaan dan debit puncak dalam waktu yang lebih singkat dibandingkan DAS Malimbu.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32522/ujht.v10i1.21251
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