KARBONISASI LIMBAH KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN PROSES HIDROTERMAL SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU ELEKTRODA SUPERKAPASITOR
Abstract
Limbah kelapa sawit merupakan sumber biomassa yang melimpah di Indonesia. Ketersediaan biomassa kelapa sawit ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku produk bernilai tambah tinggi. Salah satu produk yang dapat dihasilkan adalah karbon aktif. Karbon aktif merupakan material berpori dan memiliki konduktivitas yang baik, membuat karbon aktif cocok digunakan sebagai material elektroda superkapasitor. Karbon aktif dibuat melalui dua proses utama yaitu karbonisasi dan aktivasi. Proses karbonisasi yang dilakukan adalah karbonisasi hidrotermal dilanjutkan dengan aktivasi secara fisika. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada pembuatan karbon aktif berbasis limbah kelapa sawit dengan proses karbonisasi hidrotermal untuk bahan baku superkapasitor. Mesopore area dari karbon aktif terbentuk akibat penggunaan CaCl2 sebagai agen pengaktivasi selama proses hidrotermal. Karbon aktif yang dihasilkan dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit memiliki luas permukaan 375 – 723 m2/g dan ukuran pori 3,4 – 5,6 nm. Pada penelitian ini, karbon aktif digunakan sebagai elektroda kerja pada superkapasitor tipe hybrid simetrikal. Sel superkapasitor ini mampu menghasilkan kapasitansi sebesar 4,3015 F/g.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/cmg.v5i1.5916
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