PENGARUH PROSES AKTIVASI KIMIA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK ADSORBEN DARI KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa acuminate L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30872/cmg.v4i1.4074Abstract
Kulit pisang dianggap sebagai limbah yang tidak berguna dan menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan. Namun sebenarnya, kulit pisang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan adsorben untuk mengikat ion logam berat karena mengandung selulosa dan pektin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik adsorben yang dihasilkan terhadap jenis aktivator yaitu aktivator asam dan basa. Pembuatan adsorben menggunakan bahan kulit pisang yang sudah dikeringkan dikarbonisasi pada suhu 400°C selama 1,5 jam. Setelah proses karbonasi, adsorben diaktivasi menggunakan aktivator basa (larutan NaOH) dan aktivator asam (larutan H2SO4) dengan konsentrasi 2 N selama 5 jam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, limbah kulit pisang kepok yang telah mengalami karbonasi memiliki kandungan yang terdiri dari 8,42% kadar air, 11,15% kadar abu, 24,65% kadar volatile matter, dan 55,78% kadar Fixed Carbon. Adsorben dengan aktivator basa memberikan nilai kadar air, abu, dan volatile matter yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan aktivator asam. Namun, nilai kadar fixed carbon dan daya serap adsorben terhadap iodium pada aktivator basa lebih rendah daripada aktivator asam. Pada aplikasi limbah nikel, aktivator basa memberikan nilai penurunan kadar nikel lebih tinggi daripada aktivator asam.
Kata kunci : Adsorben, karakteristik, aktivator, kulit pisang kepok
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