ANALISIS METODE ELEKTROKOAGULASI PADA AIR ASAM TAMBANG DENGAN VARIASI TEGANGAN DAN JARAK ELEKTRODA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30872/cmg.v7i2.15910Abstract
Air Asam Tambang (AAT) adalah air limbah pencemar lingkungan yang terbentuk karena adanya mineral FeS (pyrite) yang teroksidasi dab bersifat asam dengan nilai pH< 5). Air yang bersifat asam tersebut bila tidak dinetralkan akan menyebabkan terjadinya aliran air asam tambang ke lingkungan sekitarnya dan dapat menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan dan berdampak langsung pada kualitas tanah dan air tanah karena pH air dan tanah di area tersebut menurun sangat tajam. Selain itu pada saat penambangan air tanah atau air hujan yang terkumpul di dalam kolam tambang selain bersifat asam juga seringkali mengandung zat padat tersuspensi (TSS), logam besi (Fe), dan logam mangan (Mn) dengan konsentrasi yang tinggi. Metode elektrokoagulasi adalah cara yang digunakan untuk menguraikan elektrolit oleh suatu arus listrik dalam sel elektrolisis melalui energi listrik diubah menjadi energi kimia yang berfungsi menurunkan tingkat keasaman pada air. Komponen yang terpenting dalam elektroagulasi adalah elektroda dan elektrolit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari tegangan dan jarak elektroda serta kondisi optimal berdasarkan tegangan elektroda (12 V; 20 V; 24 V) dan jarak elektroda (0,5 cm; 1 cm; 2 cm). Penentuan dilakukan dengan lama waktu pengoperasian 120 menit dengan pasangan plat Al-Al. Hasil yang didapatkan melalui penelitian ini ialah pada tegangan 24 volt dan jarak 0,5 cm. Hal ini karena semakin besar tegangan maka semakin cepat pula reaksi ion yang membentuk koagulan (Al(OH)3) dan semakin dekat jarak elektroda maka arus yang dihasilkan juga semakin besar, yang menyebabkan degadasi dari air limbah semakin efektif.
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