Memori dan Rekonsiliasi Trauma dalam Cerpen Siapa Namamu, Sandra? Karya Norman Erikson Pasaribu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30872/jbssb.v8i3.15105Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengalaman traumatis tokoh Sandra dalam cerpen Siapa Namamu, Sandra? karya Norman Erikson Pasaribu. Analisis dilakukan untuk mengetahui penyebab dari memori traumatis dan trauma tokoh Sandra, serta kemungkinan mengunjungi tempat yang mengingatkan kepada objek cinta yang telah hilang sebagai upaya rekonsiliasi atau working through. Untuk menganalisis upaya rekonsiliasi trauma dalam cerpen tersebut, penulis menggunakan teori Cathy Caruth dalam buku Unclaimed Experience: Trauma, Narrative, and History (1996) dan Trauma: Exploration in Memory (1995) dalam mendefinisikan trauma, sebagai teori sekunder, dan Writing History, Writing Trauma (2014), oleh Dominic LaCapra untuk melihat upaya rekonsiliasi subjek akan traumanya. Peneliti mencoba melihat penyebab dari memori traumatis dan bentuk-bentuk trauma tokoh Mama Sandra dan upaya-upaya rekonsiliasi yang dilakukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Mama Sandra adalah subjek traumatis, di mana memori trauma tercipta dari dua peristiwa; Pertama, Mama Sandra kehilangan Bison dalam wujud pengkhianatan akan ide atau ekspektasi yang tidak sesuai dengan norma sosial, yaitu kenyataan bahwa Bison adalah seorang Gay. Kedua, Mama Sandra harus kehilangan Bison sekali lagi untuk selamanya–Bison bunuh diri sebab identitas barunya tidak diterima oleh Mama Sandra. Hal tersebut memicu memori traumatis yang terindikasi dalam beberapa ciri seperti kilas balik dengan terus-menerus mencari ‘my son’ di internet lalu menangis penuh penyesalan, penarikan diri dari dunia luar, denial, rasa bersalah, dan mimpi buruk, hingga dorongan untuk mengunjungi ‘Mỹ Sơn’ di Quảng Nam, Vietnam. 2) upaya-upaya rekonsiliasi trauma dilakukan dengan bertestimoni dan melakukan “healing journey” ke Vietnam.
Kata Kunci: Memori, Trauma, Rekonsiliasi, Acting Out, Working Through.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to describe the traumatic experience of Sandra's character in the short story What's Your Name, Sandra? by Norman Erikson Pasaribu. The analysis is carried out to find out the causes of Sandra's traumatic memory and trauma, as well as the possibility of visiting a place that reminds of the lost love object as an effort of reconciliation or working through. To analyze the short story, the author uses Cathy Caruth's theory in the book Unclaimed Experience: Trauma, Narrative, and History (1996) and Trauma: Exploration in Memory (1995) in defining trauma, and Writing History, Writing Trauma (2014), by Dominic LaCapra. The researcher tries to see the causes of traumatic memory and the forms of trauma of Mama Sandra's character and the reconciliation efforts made. The results showed that 1) Mama Sandra is a traumatic subject, where the trauma memory is created from two events; First, Mama Sandra lost Bison in the form of betrayal of ideas or expectations that are not in accordance with social norms–the fact that Bison is gay. Second, Mama Sandra had to lose Bison once again–Bison committed suicide because his new identity was not accepted by Mama Sandra. This triggered traumatic memories that were indicated in several characteristics such as flashbacks by constantly searching for 'my son' on the internet and then crying full of regret, withdrawal from the outside world, denial, guilt, and nightmares, to the urge to visit 'Mỹ Sơn' in Quảng Nam, Vietnam. 2) Trauma reconciliation efforts were carried out by doing testimonies and taking a "healing journey" to Vietnam.
Keywords: Memory, Trauma, Acting Out, Working Through.
References
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