DEIKSIS PERSONA BAHASA JAWA RAGAM NGOKO DAN KRAMA DALAM UCAPAN IDUL FITRI DI DETIKJATIM

Authors

  • Ririn Setyowati Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30872/jbssb.v7i2.10968

Keywords:

Deiksis Persona, Ngoko, Krama

Abstract

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan pronomina persona bahasa Jawa ragam ngoko dan krama ucapan Idul Fitri dalam berita online Detikjatim tahun 2023. Dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif, peneliti mendeskripsikan data berupa tuturan atau ucapan selamat lebaran yang merujuk pada teori utama oleh Rahyono yang meneliti tentang ekspresi deiktis bahasa Jawa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa pronomina persona ragam ngoko dan krama digunakan. Pronomina persona pertama, terikat, dan gabungan terdapat dalam ragam ngoko, sedangkan pronomina persona pertama, kedua dan gabungan dan terikat terdapat dalam ragam krama. Penggunaan kedua ragam tersebut masih kerap digunakan dalam bahasa Jawa dengan melibatkan tingkat tuturan para partisipan yang masih memandang status sosial sebagai sesuatu yang perlu dipertimbangkan. Ketika seorang pembicara memiliki status sosial yang sama dengan lawan bicaranya, ragam ngoko maupun krama menjadi pilihan sebagai wujud keakraban. Pada saat status sosial seseorang lebih superior terhadap lawan bicaranya yang inferior, ragam ngoko-lah yang digunakan. Sebaliknya, ketika si pembicara lebih rendah status sosialnya, maka ia akan menggunakan ragam krama untuk menunjukkan kesantunan terhadap lawan tuturnya.

ABSTRACT
This research is aimed to know the use of ngoko and krama personal pronoun of Javanese language in uttering Eid Al-Fitr at online news Detikjatim on 2023. By applying descriptive qualitative method, the researcher described the data in utterances by using Rahyono’s theory about Javanese deictic expression. The results showed that some of personal pronouns of the ngoko and krama variety are used. First personal pronoun, bound personal pronoun, and the combination of some pronouns are used in ngoko, while first, second personal pronoun, and the bound and combination of pronouns are used in krama. The use of both varieties (ngoko and krama) was commonly used in Javanese language by considering the speech level of the participants by looking at the social status. When someone has the same social status with his/ or her interlocutors, ngoko and krama were used to show the closeness. Ngoko was also used when someone’s social status was higher to show superiority. While krama was used when someone’s social status was lower rather than his or her interlocutors to show respect and politeness.

References

Levinson, S. C. 1983. Pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Lyons, J. 1988. Semantics 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Rahyono, F.X. 2002. Ekpresi Deiktis Bahasa Jawa. Depok: PT. FIBUI.

https://www.detik.com/jatim/berita/d-6673831/39-ucapan-selamat-hari-raya-idul-fitri-2023-bahasa-jawa-krama-dan-ngoko

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Published

2023-05-05

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): Vol 7, No 2 (2023): April 2023

Section

Articles

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