Exposing Self-Esteem in Adoptive Children: Implications of Literature Review's Findings
Abstract
Keluarga merupakan lingkungan sosial yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan seorang anak, dalam sebuah keluarga normalnya terdiri dari ayah, ibu dan anak. Sebuah keluarga dapat dikatakan berhasil apabila sang anak dapat berekpresi, menyampaikan perasaanya, berprestasi dan dapat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat. Namun, tidak semua keluarga memiliki anak. Wanita sering kali dijadikan sebagai penyebab pasangan tidak memiliki anak sehingga membuat keluarga tersebut pada akhirnya melakukan adopsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara adopsi dan harga diri (self-esteem) pada anak-anak yang diadopsi melalui tinjauan literatur. Self-esteem merupakan aspek penting dalam perkembangan psikologis anak, terutama bagi anak-anak adopsi yang mungkin menghadapi tantangan tambahan dalam membentuk identitas diri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur sistematis yang mencakup analisis terhadap artikel-artikel ilmiah terdahulu mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi self-esteem anak-anak yang diadopsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa self-esteem anak adopsi dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, seperti gaya pengasuhan, keterbukaan komunikasi tentang status adopsi, dan keterlibatan dalam budaya asal. Anak-anak yang diadopsi dengan dukungan sosial yang kuat dari keluarga angkat menunjukkan tingkat self-esteem yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan mereka yang tidak mendapat dukungan yang cukup. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukan bahwa Tinjauan literatur menunjukkan self-esteem anak adopsi dapat meningkat melalui dukungan keluarga asuh, kemampuan adaptasi yang baik, dan penerimaan diri yang positif. Sebaliknya, self-esteem dapat menurun akibat tekanan sosial, kurangnya dukungan keluarga, dan kesulitan beradaptasi dengan lingkungan baru. Meski penelitian yang ada telah memberikan pemahaman awal, masih diperlukan studi lebih lanjut untuk mengembangkan intervensi yang efektif dengan mempertimbangkan keunikan karakteristik setiap anak adopsi.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikoborneo.v13i1.17882
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