Exposing Self-Esteem in Adoptive Children: Implications of Literature Review's Findings

Puput Winarsih, Ilham Mundzir

Abstract


Family is a social environment that can influence the growth and development of a child, in a normal family consisting of a father, mother and child. A family can be said to be successful if the child can express himself, convey his feelings, achieve and can be useful to society. However, not all families have children. Women are often considered the cause of couples not having children, which ultimately leads to the family adopting. This study aims to examine the relationship between adoption and self-esteem in adopted children through a literature review. Self-esteem is an important aspect in a child's psychological development, especially for adopted children who may face additional challenges in forming their self-identity. The method used in this study is a systematic literature study that includes an analysis of previous scientific articles on factors that influence the self-esteem of adopted children. The results of the study indicate that the self-esteem of adopted children is influenced by various factors, such as parenting style, openness of communication about adoption status, and involvement in the culture of origin. Adopted children with strong social support from their adoptive families show higher levels of self-esteem than those who do not receive sufficient support. The conclusion of the study shows that the literature review shows that self-esteem of adopted children can increase through foster family support, good adaptability, and positive self-acceptance. Conversely, self-esteem can decrease due to social pressure, lack of family support, and difficulty adapting to a new environment. Although existing research has provided initial understanding, further studies are needed to develop effective interventions that take into account the unique characteristics of each adopted child.

Keluarga merupakan lingkungan sosial yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan seorang anak, dalam sebuah keluarga normalnya terdiri dari ayah, ibu dan anak. Sebuah keluarga dapat dikatakan berhasil apabila sang anak dapat berekpresi, menyampaikan perasaanya, berprestasi dan dapat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat. Namun, tidak semua keluarga memiliki anak. Wanita sering kali dijadikan sebagai penyebab pasangan tidak memiliki anak sehingga membuat keluarga tersebut pada akhirnya melakukan adopsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara adopsi dan harga diri (self-esteem) pada anak-anak yang diadopsi melalui tinjauan literatur. Self-esteem merupakan aspek penting dalam perkembangan psikologis anak, terutama bagi anak-anak adopsi yang mungkin menghadapi tantangan tambahan dalam membentuk identitas diri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur sistematis yang mencakup analisis terhadap artikel-artikel ilmiah terdahulu mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi self-esteem anak-anak yang diadopsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa self-esteem anak adopsi dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, seperti gaya pengasuhan, keterbukaan komunikasi tentang status adopsi, dan keterlibatan dalam budaya asal. Anak-anak yang diadopsi dengan dukungan sosial yang kuat dari keluarga angkat menunjukkan tingkat self-esteem yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan mereka yang tidak mendapat dukungan yang cukup. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukan bahwa Tinjauan literatur menunjukkan self-esteem anak adopsi dapat meningkat melalui dukungan keluarga asuh, kemampuan adaptasi yang baik, dan penerimaan diri yang positif. Sebaliknya, self-esteem dapat menurun akibat tekanan sosial, kurangnya dukungan keluarga, dan kesulitan beradaptasi dengan lingkungan baru. Meski penelitian yang ada telah memberikan pemahaman awal, masih diperlukan studi lebih lanjut untuk mengembangkan intervensi yang efektif dengan mempertimbangkan keunikan karakteristik setiap anak adopsi.

Keywords


Adoptive; Self-Esteem; Identity; Children

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikoborneo.v13i1.17882

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