Implementation of Mindfulness-based Interventions in the Treatment of Burnout in Nurses: Systematized Review

Alto Kusumo Yondrian, Tri Kurniati Ambarini

Abstract


Nursing has a high prevalence of burnout, and mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly considered to reduce this. The unique nursing work environment requires flexible interventions, while traditional MBIs are resource-intensive. This systematized review aimed to identify changes in the original MBI curriculum for nurses and contextual factors perceived as mediators and barriers to implementation. Inclusion criteria included experimental research on MBIs for nurses with burnout measurement. Exclusion criteria ruled out non-MBI research, other professions, and studies not measuring burnout. Databases used were CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and QATFQS for quality assessment. Fourteen articles met eligibility, showing common changes like reduced intervention frequency and duration, with meditation and mindful eating as prevalent practices. Barriers outweighed facilitators, mainly within the inner setting domain.

Perawat memiliki prevalensi burnout yang tinggi. Intervensi berbasis mindfulness merupakan pendekatan yang paling sering diterapkan untuk menurunkan burnout pada perawat. Namun, lingkungan kerja perawat yang unik membutuhkan intervensi yang lebih fleksibel, sementara kurikulum tradisional intervensi berbasis mindfulness memerlukan banyak sumber daya. Telaah sistematis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan yang dilakukan para peneliti terhadap kurikulum asli intervensi berbasis mindfulness agar intervensi dapat diberikan pada perawat serta faktor-faktor kontekstual yang menjadi fasilitator serta penghambat penerapannya. Kriteria inklusi mencakup penelitian eksperimen yang mengukur pengaruh intervensi berbasis mindfulness terhadap tingkat burnout pada perawat. Kriteria eksklusi meliputi penelitian yang tidak menerapkan intervensi berbasis mindfulness, melibatkan profesi lain sebagai subjek penelitiannya, atau tidak mengukur burnout. Basis data yang digunakan adalah CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, dan Web of Science. Proses seleksi artikel riset didasarkan pada panduan PRISMA 2020 sementara penilaian kualitas artikel riset menggunakan QATFQS. Pengelompokan faktor penghambat dan fasilitator didasarkan pada kerangka kerja The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Dari 14 artikel yang memenuhi syarat, perubahan paling umum adalah pengurangan frekuensi dan durasi intervensi. Faktor hambatan lebih banyak ditemukan dibandingkan faktor fasilitator, terutama dalam domain inner setting.

Keywords


Mindfulness-based Intervention, Burnout, Nurse

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikoborneo.v12i4.16521

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