Psychological Dynamics of Individuals Who Have Comorbid Avoidant Personality Disorder with Dysthymia

Balqis Shabrina, Afif Kurniawan

Abstract


Avoidant Personality Disorder is a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation that begins by early adulthood and is present in a variety of contexts. The average prevalence of avoidant personality disorder is 3.3%. Avoidant personality disorder is one of the personality disorders most often associated with depression, which appears more often in people with dysthymic disorder. The aim of this research is to describe the psychological dynamics of MRP through a series of psychological assessments. This research uses qualitative methods with case study techniques. The participant of this research was MRP who was a 24 years old unemployed man.  The series of assessments carried out were structured interviews and psychological tests (WB, graphic tests, SSCT, and TAT). The results of this study indicate that MRP has avoidant personality disorder and dysthymic disorder based on DSM-IV-TR. MRP finds it difficult to convey what he thinks because he fear of criticism and rejection from others, so MRP cannot interact with anyone unless his family asks him. This confirms MRP's thoughts that no one cares about him, he is increasingly insecure and worthless, and feels hopeless about his future. Therefore, MRP feels empty in his daily life and only keeps himself busy by walking in the morning, playing games at the internet cafe, and not doing anything at home.

Gangguan kepribadian menghindar adalah pola pervasif pada terhambatnya sosial, perasaan tidak mampu, dan hipersensitif terhadap penilaian negatif yang diawali sejak masa dewasa awal serta muncul diberbagai konteks. Rata-rata prevalensi dari gangguan kepribadian menghindar sebesar 3,3%. Gangguan kepribadian menghindar merupakan salah satu gangguan kepribadian yang paling sering dikaitkan dengan depresi, terutama pada orang dengan gangguan distimia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan dinamika psikologis MRP melalui serangkaian asesmen psikologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik studi kasus. Partisipan yang mengikuti penelitian ini berjumlah satu orang yaitu MRP yang merupakan seorang laki-laki berusia 24 tahun dan tidak memiliki pekerjaan. Rangkaian asesmen yang dilakukan meliputi wawancara terstruktur dan tes psikologi (WB, tes grafis, SSCT, dan TAT). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa MRP mengalami gangguan kepribadian menghindar dan gangguan distimia berdasarkan DSM-IV-TR. MRP merasa kesulitan dalam menyampaikan apa yang dipikirkannya karena takut akan penilaian negatif dan penolakan dari lingkungan sehingga MRP tidak bisa berinteraksi dengan siapapun kecuali jika keluarganya bertanya kepada dirinya. Hal tersebut menguatkan pemikiran MRP bahwa tidak ada siapapun yang peduli dengan dirinya, semakin tidak percaya diri dan tidak berharga, serta merasa putus asa akan masa depannya. Oleh karena itu, MRP merasa kosong dalam kesehariannya dan hanya menyibukkan dirinya dengan berjalan pagi, bermain game di warnet, dan tidak melakukan apa-apa di rumah.


Keywords


Avoidant Personality Disorder; Dysthimic Disorder; Social Witdrawal

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikoborneo.v12i1.13872

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