Speeding Behavior Among Young Motorcyclists: The Role of Theory of Planned Behavior Variables and Willingness

Muhammad Syifaul Muntafi

Abstract


Speeding behavior is one of the factors that can cause traffic accidents. To date, empirical studies that examine psychological model in the context of speeding behavior among young motorcyclists in Indonesia are scarce. This study aims to examine the effect of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) variables, namely, Intentions, Attitudes, Perceived Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control, and Willingness as additional variables on the frequency of riding motorcycle over the speed limit among young motorcyclists in Ponorogo, East Java. This study used a quantitative-correlational design. The subjects of this study were young motorcyclist (16-23 years-old, N = 301) living in Ponorogo. Data collection was carried out using the Intention, attitude, perceived norm, and perceived behavioral control scale and the willingness scale. Data analysis was carried out using hierarchical multiple regression analysis using SPSS. The results showed that intention, perceived behavioral control, and willingness had a significant effect on the frequency of riding a motorcycle over the speed limit. In addition, attitudes, perceived norm, and perceived behavioral control significantly influenced intention to speed. Based on the above findings, it can be concluded that the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and willingness variables have a significant influence on speeding behavior among young motorcyclists in Ponorogo, with which willingness has the largest influence.

 

Faktor yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kecelakaan lalu lintas. Sejauh ini, belum terdapat penelitian empiris yang menguji model teori Psikologi dalam konteks perilaku ngebut pada pengendara motor usia muda di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) yaitu, intensi, sikap, norma yang dirasakan, dan kontrol perilaku yang dirasakan, dan kesediaan sebagai variabel tambahan terhadap frekuensi berkendara sepeda motor melebihi batas kecepatan di kalangan premotor usia muda di Ponorogo, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif-korelasional. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah pengendara sepeda motor usia muda (16-23 tahun, N = 301) yang tinggal di Ponorogo. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan skala intensi, skala persepsi norma, skala persepsi kontrol perilaku dan skala kesediaan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis regresi liniear bertingkat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensi, persepsi kontrol perilaku, dan kesediaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap frekuensi mengendarai motor melebihi batas kecepatan. Selain itu, sikap, persepsi norma, dan persepsi kontrol perilaku berpengaruh terhadap intensi untuk berkendara melebihi kecepatan. Berdasarkan temuan diatas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel TPB dan kesediaan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan perilaku ngebut di kalangan pengendara usia muda di Ponorogo, dimana kesediaan memiliki pengaruh yang paling besar.


Keywords


Speeding behavior; Young motorcyclists; Theory of planned behavior; Willingness

Full Text:

EN

References


Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: reactions and reflections. Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113–1127. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2011.613995

Bazargan-Hejazi, S., Teruya, S., Pan, D., Lin, J., Gordon, D., Krochalk, P. C., & Bazargan, M. (2017). The theory of planned behavior (TPB) and texting while driving behavior in college students. Traffic Injury Prevention, 18(1), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2016.1172703

BPS-Statistics Indonesia. (2018). Land Transportation Statistics. https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2018/11/27/43cba6b697f03cc2b272dfb7/statistik-transportasi-darat-2017.html

Carey, R. N., Mcdermott, D. T., & Sarma, K. M. (2013). The Impact of Threat Appeals on Fear Arousal and Driver Behavior : A Meta-Analysis of Experimental Research 1990 – 2011. 8(5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062821

Castanier, C., Deroche, T., & Woodman, T. (2013). Theory of planned behaviour and road violations: The moderating influence of perceived behavioural control. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 18(2013), 148–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2012.12.014

Cestac, J., Paran, F., & Delhomme, P. (2011). Young drivers’ sensation seeking, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control and their roles in predicting speeding intention: How risk-taking motivations evolve with gender and driving experience. Safety Science, 49(3), 424–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2010.10.007

Chorlton, K., Conner, M., & Jamson, S. (2012). Identifying the psychological determinants of risky riding: An application of an extended Theory of Planned Behaviour. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 49, 142–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2011.07.003

Chung, Y. S. (2015). Seemingly irrational driving behavior model: The effect of habit strength and anticipated affective reactions. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 82, 79–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.05.003

DPR-RI. (2009). Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 Tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan. http://www.dpr.go.id/dokjdih/document/uu/UU_2009_22.pdf

Elliott, M. A. (2010). Predicting motorcyclists’ intentions to speed: Effects of selected cognitions from the theory of planned behaviour, self-identity and social identity. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 42(2), 718–725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.10.021

Elliott, M. A., Armitage, C. J., & Baughan, C. J. (2007). Using the theory of planned behaviour to predict observed driving behaviour. British Journal of Social Psychology, 46(1), 69–90. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466605X90801

Elliott, M. A., Baughan, C. J., & Sexton, B. F. (2007). Errors and violations in relation to motorcyclists’ crash risk. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 39(3), 491–499. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AAP.2006.08.012

Elliott, M. A., McCartan, R., Brewster, S. E., Coyle, D., Emerson, L., & Gibson, K. (2017). An application of the prototype willingness model to drivers’ speeding behaviour. European Journal of Social Psychology, 47(6), 735–747. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2268

Elliott, M. A., Thomson, J. A., Robertson, K., Stephenson, C., & Wicks, J. (2013). Evidence that changes in social cognitions predict changes in self-reported driver behavior : Causal analyses of two-wave panel data. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 50, 905–916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.07.017

Eyssartier, C., Meineri, S., & Gueguen, N. (2017). Motorcyclists’ intention to exceed the speed limit on a 90 km/h road: Effect of the type of motorcycles. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 45, 183–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2016.12.009

Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and Changing Behavior: The Reasoned Action Approach. In Predicting and Changing Behavior: The Reasoned Action Approach. Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203838020

Forward, S. E. (2009). The theory of planned behaviour: The role of descriptive norms and past behaviour in the prediction of drivers’ intentions to violate. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 12(3), 198–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2008.12.002

Gerrard, M., Gibbons, F. X., Houlihan, A. E., Stock, M. L., & Pomery, E. A. (2008). A dual-process approach to health risk decision making: The prototype willingness model. Developmental Review, 28(1), 29–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2007.10.001

Gibbons, F. X., Houlihan, A. E., & Gerrard, M. (2009). Reason and reaction: The utility of a dual-focus, dual-processing perspective on promotion and prevention of adolescent health risk behaviour. British Journal of Health Psychology, 14(2), 231–248. https://doi.org/10.1348/135910708X376640

Harbeck, E. L., & Glendon, A. I. (2018). Driver prototypes and behavioral willingness: Young driver risk perception and reported engagement in risky driving. Journal of Safety Research, 66, 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2018.07.009

Haworth, N., Greig, K., & Nielson, A. (2009). Comparison of Risk Taking in Moped and Motorcycle Crashes. Transportation Research Record, 2140(1), 182–187. https://doi.org/10.3141/2140-20

Jovanović, D., Šraml, M., Matović, B., & Mićić, S. (2017). An examination of the construct and predictive validity of the self-reported speeding behavior model. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 99, 66–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2016.11.015

Jusuf, A., Nurprasetio, I. P., & Prihutama, A. (2017). Macro Data Analysis of Traffic Accidents in Indonesia. Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences; Vol 49, No 1 (2017). https://doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2017.49.1.8

McEachan, R. R. C., Conner, M., Taylor, N. J., & Lawton, R. J. (2011). Prospective prediction of health-related behaviours with the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 5(2), 97–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2010.521684

McEachan, R., Taylor, N., Harrison, R., Lawton, R., Gardner, P., & Conner, M. (2016). Meta-Analysis of the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA) to Understanding Health Behaviors. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 50(4), 592–612. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-016-9798-4

Moan, I. S. (2013). Whether or not to ride with an intoxicated driver: Predicting intentions using an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 20(1369), 193–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2013.08.001

Nemme, H. E., & White, K. M. (2010). Texting while driving: Psychosocial influences on young people’s texting intentions and behaviour. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 42(4), 1257–1265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.01.019

Preece, C., Watson, A., Kaye, S. A., & Fleiter, J. (2018). Understanding the psychological precursors of young drivers’ willingness to speed and text while driving. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 117, 196–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.04.015

Rhodes, N. (2015). Fear-Appeal Messages : Message Processing and Affective Attitudes. Communication Research, 44(7), 952–975. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650214565916

Rowe, R., Andrews, E., Harris, P. R., Armitage, C. J., McKenna, F. P., & Norman, P. (2016). Identifying beliefs underlying pre-drivers’ intentions to take risks: An application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 89, 49–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.12.024

Ruiter, R. A. C., Kessels, L. T. E., Peters, G. Y., & Kok, G. (2014). Sixty years of fear appeal research : Current state of the evidence. 49(2), 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12042

Susilo, Y. O., Joewono, T. B., & Vandebona, U. (2015). Reasons underlying behaviour of motorcyclists disregarding traffic regulations in urban areas of Indonesia. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 75, 272–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AAP.2014.12.016

Tannenbaum, M. B., Hepler, J., Zimmerman, R. S., Saul, L., Jacobs, S.,

Wilson, K., & Albarracín, D. (2015). Appealing to Fear : A Meta-Analysis of Fear Appeal Effectiveness and Theories A Message-Behavior-Audience Framework. 141(6), 1178–1204. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039729

Tunnicliff, D. J., Watson, B. C., White, K. M., Hyde, M. K., Schonfeld, C. C., & Wishart, D. E. (2012). Understanding the factors influencing safe and unsafe motorcycle rider intentions. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 49, 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2011.03.012

Walsh, S. P., White, K. M., Hyde, M. K., & Watson, B. (2008). Dialling and driving: Factors influencing intentions to use a mobile phone while driving. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 40(6), 1893–1900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2008.07.005




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v11i1.7249

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Psikostudia : Jurnal Psikologi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

Indexing by :

         

_________________________________________

PSIKOSTUDIA: Jurnal Psikologi Published by Faculty of Social and Political Siences, University of Mulawarman, Samarinda, East Kalimantan and This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 _________________________________________

PSIKOSTUDIA: Jurnal Psikologi

Department of Psychology
Faculty of Social and Political Siences, University of Mulawarman
Jl. Muara Muntai Kampus Gn. Kelua Samarinda 75411
Phone: +62 813 35350368
E-Mail: psikostudia@fisip.unmul.ac.id