DECONSTRUCTION PERSPECTIVE TOWARD THE CHARACTERS IN GILMAN’S THE YELLOW WALLPAPER SHORT STORY

Imas Romlah, Singgih Daru Kuncara, Fatimah Muhajir

Abstract


This research concerned on the deconstruction of characters in Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper short story in which the aim was to describe deconstruction toward the characters of the story. The method in this research was qualitative. Then for the data in this research were quotations such as words, texts, or narrations that were obtained from The Yellow Wallpaper short story. Furthermore, for the analysis, this research was focused to analyze the story by using Derrida’s deconstruction theory. In this research, the researcher analyzed three characters through binary oppositions in which arising the opposite views of the previously fixed views. The findings showed that there were ten characteristics of the narrator that were opposite each other, six from John and two from Jennie. From the fixed views, the narrator was considered as an isolated woman, inferior and weak woman, mad woman, even imaginative woman, however after they were deconstructed the narrator precisely was also proven as a free woman, superior woman, strong woman, normal woman, even realistic woman. Then John who was considered as a bad husband, superior and strong man, apparently after the characteristics were deconstructed he was also a very good husband, inferior man and weak man. Likewise, Jennie who was originally considered a good and perfect woman, apparently she could be considered as a bad woman.

 

Penelitian ini berkonsentrasi pada dekonstruksi dari karakter-karakter yang ada didalam cerpen The Yellow Wallpaper-nya Gilman yang mana tujuannya adalah untuk menggambarkan dekonstruksi terhadap karakter-karakter dari cerita tersebut. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Kemudian, untuk data dalam penelitian ini adalah kutipan-kutipan seperti kata-kata, teks-teks, atau narasi-narasi yang diambil dari cerpen The Yellow Wallpaper. Selanjutnya, untuk analis, penelitian ini difokuskan untuk menganalisa cerita tersebut dengan menggunakan teori dekonstruksinya Derrida. Didalam penelitian ini, peneliti menganalisis tiga karakter melalui oposisi-oposisi biner yang mana memunculkan pandangan-pandangan yang sebaliknya dari pandangan yang sudah ditetapkan sebelumnya. Temuan-temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada sepuluh karakteristik dari narrator yang saling berkontradiksi, enam dari John, dan dua dari Jennie. Berdasarkan pandangan-pandangan yang sudah ditetapkan, narrator dianggap sebagai seorang perempuan yang terkekang dan terpenjara, inferior dan lemah, perempuan gila, bahkan perempuan pengimajinasi, namun setelah mereka semua didekonstruksi ternyata narrator juga justru terbukti sebagai seorang perempuan yang bebas, superior dan kuat, perempuan normal, bahkan perempuan yang realistis. Kemudian John yang dianggap sebagai seorang suami yang jahat, superior dan kuat, ternyata setelah didekonstruksi dia juga terbukti sebagai seorang suami yang baik, inferior dan lemah. Begitupun juga, Jennie yang mana sebelumnya dianggap sebagai seorang perempuan yang baik dan sempurna, ternyata setelah didekonstruksi dia bisa menjadi dianggap sebagai seorang perempuan yang jahat.


Keywords


deconstruction, binary oppositions, the previous fixed views

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jbssb.v3i2.1787

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