Pemetaan Kualitas Tanah dengan Analisis Sistem Informasi Geografis di Kota Samarinda
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35941/jatl.4.1.2021.5797.%25pKeywords:
Kualitas Tanah, Survey Tanah, SIGAbstract
Tanah merupakan salah satu dari sumberdaya alam yang berperan penting bagi kehidupan manusia terutama sebagai tempat kegiatan hidup. Pemanfaatan sumberdaya alam tersebut seringkali tidak disertai pemeliharaan, akibatnya lingkungan alam yang menopang kehidupan manusia menjadi rusak. Kualitas tanah adalah kapasitas tanah yang berfungsi mempertahankan fungsinya. Kualitas tanah yang semakin baik akan mendukung kerja fungsi tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memetakan status kualitas tanah di Kota Samarinda. Penelitian ini telah dimulai dari bulan Maret 2019 sampai Desember 2019 di Laboratorium Tanah dan Laboratorium Kartografi dan SIG Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mulawarman. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif eksploratif yang pendekatan variabelnya dilakukan melalui survei lokasi penelitian dan didukung hasil analisis sifat fisik dan kimia tanah. Penentuan titik lokasi sampel tanah dilakukan dengan metode purposive random sampling mengikuti setiap satuan peta lahan (SPL) yang dibuat. Variabel dari SPL yang dibuat yaitu jenis tanah, penggunaan lahan, dan lereng. Sampel tanah dianalisis dengan parameter berat volume, tekstur, pH, porositas, N-total, P-tersedia, K-tersedia, C-organik dan kedalaman perakaran. Penentuan skor berkisar antara 0-1. Hasil analisis skoring dan fungsi tanah terpilih dijumlahkan untuk menentukan kriteria Indeks Kualitas Tanah (IKT). Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat 4 satuan peta lahan jenis tanah Inceptisols di Kota Samarinda. Terdapat satu satuan lahan yang memiliki kriteria kualitas tanah “baik” yaitu satuan peta lahan 2 dengan jenis tanah Aquic Dystrudepts (IKT = 0,61). Sedangkan ketiga satuan lahan lainnya memiliki kriteria kualitas tanah “sedang”, yaitu satuan peta lahan 1 dengan jenis tanah Typic Endoaquepts (IKT = 0,44), satuan peta lahan 3 dengan jenis tanah Typic Dystrudepts (IKT = 0,46), satuan peta lahan 4 dengan jenis tanah Oxic Dystrudepts (IKT = 0,52).Downloads
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