Prejudice and the Child in Conflict with the Law: The Role of the Authoritarian Personality

Ocha Ayu Septianeke, Yusti Probowati Rahayu, Ayuni Ayuni

Abstract


The purpose of this research was to explore the relationships between authoritarian personality and prejudice toward juvenile offender. The participant selection using purposive sampling with participant’s criterian was middle adulthood who lived in Mojongapit Indah Jombang (n = 66). Those location was selected with the consideration that it is located in the same area as the Rumah Hati shelter, a mentoring house for juvenile offender. Data then collected using authoritarian personality and prejudice toward juvenile offender questionnaires designed by researchers based on Altemeyers right-wing authoritarian theory and prejudice by Myers. The results of analysis using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation indicate that there is a relationship between authoritarian personality and prejudice towards Juvenile Offender (r = 0.421; 0.000; p <0.05). These results indicate that the higher the authoritarian personality possessed by participants, the higher the prejudice that participants have towards Juvenile Offender. Therefore, reducing the level of authoritarian personality needs to be done so that prejudice against Juvenile Offender also decreases. This can be done by reducing the use of strict rules by parents or to teach that the world is a dangerous place. Thus, can higher the authoritarian personality within the child and create hostility or rejection to those who are different from him.

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara kepribadian otoritarian dengan prasangka terhadap Anak Berkonflik dengan Hukum (ABH). Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria subjek, yakni laki-laki dan perempuan yang termasuk dalam dewasa madya, yakni berusia 40 – 65 tahun (n = 66) dan bertempat tinggal di Perumahan Mojongapit Indah Jombang. Hal ini dikarenakan daerah tersebut berlokasi sama dengan shelter Rumah Hati yang merupakan rumah pendampingan bagi ABH.  Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuisioner kepribadian otoritarian dan prasangka terhadap ABH yang dirancang oleh peneliti berdasarkan teori right-wing authoritarian Altemeyer dan teori prasangka oleh Myers. Hasil analisis menggunakan Pearson Product-Moment Correlation menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kepribadian otoritarian dengan prasangka terhadap ABH (r = 0.421; 0.000; p < 0.05). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kepribadian otoritarian yang dimiliki oleh subjek, maka semakin tinggi pula prasangka terhadap ABH. Oleh karena itu, menurunkan tingkat kepribadian otoritarian perlu dilakukan agar prasangka terhadap ABH juga mengalami penurunan. Hal tersebut dapat dilakukan oleh para orangtua dengan tidak menerapkan pola asuh yang kaku dalam penerapan aturan maupun menanamkan kepercayaan bahwa dunia adalah tempat berbahaya. Jika kepribadian otoritarian tinggi maka akan muncul sikap permusuhan atau penolakan kepada mereka yang berbeda dengan dirinya.


Keywords


Prasangka; Kepribadian Otoritarian; Anak Berkonflik dengan Hukum

Full Text:

FULL TEXT

References


Akhyar, Z., Matnuh, H., & Najibuddin, M. (2014). PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP MANTAN NARAPIDANA DI DESA BENUA JINGAH KECAMATAN BARABAI KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI TENGAH (Vol. 4). http://digilib.petra.ac.id/viewer.php?page=

Allen, T. T., Trzcinski, E., & Kubiak, S. P. (2012). Public attitudes toward juveniles who commit crimes: The relationship between assessments of adolescent development and attitudes toward severity of punishment. Crime and Delinquency, 58(1), 78–102. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128711420104

Altemeyer, B. (1996). The Authoritarian Specter. Harvard University Press.

Altemeyer, B. (1998). The Other “Authoritarian Personality.” Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 30(C), 47–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60382-2

Altemeyer, B. (2006). The Authoritarians. http://home.cc.umanitoba.ca/~altemey/

Asbrock, F., Sibley, C. G., & Duckitt, J. (2010). Right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation and the dimensions of generalized prejudice: A longitudinal test. European Journal of Personality, 24(4), 324–340. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.746

Baron, R. A., & Branscombe, N. R. (2012). Social psychology 13th ed. In Pearson Education, Inc. (Vol. 2, Issue 1).

Baron, R. A., & Byrne, D. (2004). Psikologi Sosial (R. Medya, Ed.; Edisi 10). Airlangga.

Campregher, J., & Jeglic, E. L. (2016). Attitudes Toward Juvenile Sex Offender Legislation: The Influence of Case-Specific Information. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 25(4), 466–482. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2016.1153558

Cantal, C., Milfont, T. L., Wilson, M. S., & Gouveia, V. v. (2015). Differential Effects of Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation on Dimensions of Generalized Prejudice in Brazil. European Journal of Personality, 29(1), 17–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.1978

Cauffman, E., & Steinberg, L. (2012). Emerging Findings from Research on Adolescent Development and Juvenile Justice. Victims and Offenders, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2012.713901

Childs, C. E., & Whitley, D. B. (2011). Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Prejudice 1 RIGHT-WING AUTHORITARIANISM AND PREJUDICE: A META-ANALYSIS.

Cohrs, C. J., & Asbrock, F. (2009). Right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation and prejudice against threatening and competitive ethnic groups. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39(2), 270–289. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.545

Myers, D. G. (2007). Social Psychology (9th ed) (9th edition). McGraw-Hill; 24664th edition (January 1, 2007).

Duckitt, J., & Sibley, C. G. (2010). Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation differentially moderate intergroup effects on prejudice. European Journal of Personality, 24(7), 583–601. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.772

Guerra, N. G., Williamson, A. A., & Lucas-Molina, B. (2012). Trauma and Grief Component Therapy for Adolescents: A Modular Approach to Treating Traumatized and Bereaved Youth View project Bullying and Cyberbullying View project. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267763536

Harris, A. J., & Socia, K. M. (2016). What’s in a Name? Evaluating the Effects of the “Sex Offender” Label on Public Opinions and Beliefs. Sexual Abuse: Journal of Research and Treatment, 28(7), 660–678. https://doi.org/10.1177/1079063214564391

LeBel, T. P. (2012). “If one doesn’t get you another one will”: Formerly incarcerated persons’ perceptions of discrimination. Prison Journal, 92(1), 63–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885511429243

López-Rodríguez, L., Cuadrado, I., & Navas, M. (2016). Acculturation preferences and behavioural tendencies between majority and minority groups: The mediating role of emotions. European Journal of Social Psychology, 46(4). https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2181

Maruna, S., & King, A. (2009). Once a criminal, always a criminal?: “Redeemability” and the psychology of punitive public attitudes. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 15(1–2), 7–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10610-008-9088-1

McFarland, S. (2010). Authoritarianism, Social Dominance, and Other Roots of Generalized Prejudice. Political Psychology, 31(3), 453–477. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9221.2010.00765.x

Myers, D. G. (2010). SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY Tenth Edition. In The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (Vol. 10).

Nasution, S. (1996). Metode Research (Edisi Kedua). Bumi AKsara.

Passini, S. (2017). Different Ways of Being Authoritarian: The Distinct Effects of Authoritarian Dimensions on Values and Prejudice. Political Psychology, 38(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12309

Piquero, A. R., Cullen, F. T., Unnever, J. D., Piquero, N. L., & Gordon, J. A. (2010). Never too late: Public optimism about juvenile rehabilitation. Punishment and Society, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/1462474509357379

Seger, C. R., Banerji, I., Park, S. H., Smith, E. R., & Mackie, D. M. (2017). Specific emotions as mediators of the effect of intergroup contact on prejudice: findings across multiple participant and target groups. Cognition and Emotion, 31(5). https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2016.1182893

Sholikhati, Y., & Herdiana, I. (2015). Anak Berkonflik dengan Hukum (ABH), Tanggung Jawab Orang Tua atau Negara ? Psychology Forum UMM, 23.

Susanto, T. (2015). Konversi Paham Keagamaan dalam Masyarakat NU Tradisional di Desa Sumbermulyo Kecamatan Jogoroto Kabupaten Jombang. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v12i1.8951

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Psikostudia : Jurnal Psikologi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

Indexing by :

         

_________________________________________

PSIKOSTUDIA: Jurnal Psikologi Published by Faculty of Social and Political Siences, University of Mulawarman, Samarinda, East Kalimantan and This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 _________________________________________

PSIKOSTUDIA: Jurnal Psikologi

Department of Psychology
Faculty of Social and Political Siences, University of Mulawarman
Jl. Muara Muntai Kampus Gn. Kelua Samarinda 75411
Phone: +62 813 35350368
E-Mail: psikostudia@fisip.unmul.ac.id