Job Insecurity dan Employee Well-Being : Studi Korelasional pada Karyawan Kontrak di Masa Pandemi
Abstract
Adanya pandemi telah berimbas di berbagai sektor industri di Indonesia terutama pada karyawan kontrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara job insecurity dengan employee well-being pada karyawan kontrak PT X di masa pandemi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan kontrak PT X, sejumlah 97 orang. Responden dipilih secara purposive dengan pertimbangan karyawan kontrak tersebut berusia ≥ 25 tahun dan telah bekerja selama minimal 2 tahun. Pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala job insecurity dan skala employee well-being. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi negatif yang signifikan antara job insecurity dan employee well-being pada karyawan kontrak, dengan r = -0,822 (p < 0,05). Dari hasil tersebut, dapat diartikan bahwa semakin tinggi job insecurity, maka akan semakin rendah employee well-being karyawan kontrak tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bagi karyawan kontrak untuk dapat menggunakan manajemen emosi sebagai reaksi perilaku terhadap job insecurity.
Keywords
Full Text:
FULL TEXTReferences
Adams, J. M. (2019). The Value of Worker Well-Being. Public Health Reports, 134(6), 583–586. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033354919878434
Adieb. (2020). Mungkinkah Terjadi PHK kepada Karyawan Kontrak saat Corona? https://glints.com/id/lowongan/phk-karyawan-kontrak-saat-corona/#.YUiKULgzbb3
Ashford, S. J., Lee, C., & Bobko, P. (1989). Content, cause, and consequences of job insecurity: A theory-based measure and substantive test. Academy of Management journal, 32(4), 803-829.
Cotofan, M., & Golin, M. (2021). Work and Well-being during COVID-19 : Impact , Inequalities , Resilience , and the Future of Work. World Happiness Report 2021, 155–190.
Danna, K., & Griffin, R. W. (1999). Health and well-being in the workplace: A review and synthesis of the literature. Journal of Management, 25(3), 357–384. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639902500305
Dhiaul, dkk, I. (2021). Pengaruh Tuntutan Pekerjaan Terhadap Kesejahteraan Karyawan di Tempat Kerja PT X di Masa Pandemi Covi. 231–242.
Farida, Y. (2003). Pengaruh Job Insecurity dan Kompensasi terhadap Kepuasan Kerja. Emperika, 16(1), 126-148.
Greenhalgh, L., & Rosenblatt, Z. (1984). Job Insecurity: Toward Conceptual Clarity. Academy of Management Review, 9(3), 438–448. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1984.4279673
Harju, L. K., Rokka, J., Lopes, M. M., Airoldi, M., & Raïes, K. (2021). Employee well-being profiles during COVID-19 lockdown: a latent profile analysis of French and UK employees. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.645300
Harley, J. M., Lajoie, S. P., Tressel, T., & Jarrell, A. (2020). Fostering positive emotions and history knowledge with location-based augmented reality and tour-guide prompts. Learning and Instruction, 70(August), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2018.09.001
Jordan, P. J., Ashkanasy, N. M., & Hartel, C. E. (2002). Emotional intelligence as a moderator of emotional and behavioral reactions to job insecurity. Academy of Management review, 27(3), 361-372.
Khan, N., & Khurshid, S. (2017). Workplace Stress and Employee Wellbeing: Case of Health Care Staff in UAE. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 13(5), 217. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n5p217
Kowalski, T. H. P., & Loretto, W. (2017). Well-being and HRM in the changing workplace. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(16), 2229–2255. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2017.1345205
Kurnia, C., & Widigdo, A. M. N. (2021). Effect of Work-Life Balance, Job Demand, Job Insecurity on Employee Performance at PT Jaya Lautan Global with Employee Well-Being as a Mediation Variable. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 6(5), 147–152. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.5.948
Lisa, R., Marpaung, W., & Manurung, Y. (2020). Kesejahteraan Psikologis Ditinjau Dari Ketidakamanan Kerja Pada Karyawan Kontrak PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Tbk Cabang Medan Thamrin. Psikostudia : Jurnal Psikologi, 9(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v9i1.3590
Maulidina, N., & Nurtjahjanti, H. (2016). Hubungan Antara Ketidakamanan Kerja Dengan Psychological Well-Being Pada Karyawan Kontrak Rumah Sakit Islam Sultan Agung Semarang. Empati, 5(2), 189–194.
Mayer, J, D,, & Salovey, P, 1997, What is emotional intelligence? In P,
Salovey & D, J, Siuyter (Eds,), Emoffonal developmenf and emofional intelligence: Educational implications: 3-31, New York: Basic Books.
Mazur, K. (2012). The dynamics of psychological contract between employee and organization. The analysis of selected factors. Management, 16(1), 51.
Murni, S., & Yurnalis. (2018). Pengaruh Job Insecurity Terhadap Kesejahteraan Dan Kinerja Karyawan Kontrak Pada Kantor Pusat Administrasi Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi
Manajemen, 3(4), 77–89.
Näswall, K., & De Witte, H. (2003). Who feels insecure in Europe? Predicting job insecurity from background variables. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 24(2), 189–215. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143831X03024002003
Nella, D., Panagopoulou, E., Galanis, N., Montgomery, A., & Benos, A. (2015). Consequences of Job Insecurity on the Psychological and Physical Health of Greek Civil Servants. BioMed Research International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/673623
Nopiando, B. (2012). Hubungan antara job insecurity dengan kesejahteraan psikologis pada karyawan outsourcing. Journal of Social and Industrial
Psychology, 1(2), 1–6. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/sip/article/view/2637
Pahkin, K. (2015). Staying well in an unstable world of work – Prospective cohort study of the determinants of employee well-being.
Price, R. H., & Hooijberg, R. (1992). Organizational exit pressures and role stress: Impact on mental health. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(7), 641–651. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030130702
Qureshi, M. A., & Khan, Mu. A. (2016). Organizational and Psychological Outcomes of Job Insecurity: a Cross Sectional Investigation in the Private Sector Organizations of Pakistan Using Subjective Approach of Job Insecurity. Pakistan Business Review, 18(1), 19–36. https://www.journals.iobmresearch.com/index.php/PBR/article/view/661
Rochma, I., Rochma, I., Mariatin, E., & Hadiyani, S. (2021). The Influence of Job Insecurity on Pscyhological Well-Being of Outsourcing Employees. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies, 24(1), 337–344. http://ijpsat.es/index.php/ijpsat/article/view/2514
Rowntree, J. (2005). Job Insecurity and Work Intensification.
Schumacher, D., Schreurs, B., De Cuyper, N., & Grosemans, I. (2021). The ups and downs of felt job insecurity and job performance: The moderating role of informational justice. Work & Stress, 35(2), 171-192. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2020.1832607
Sekaran, U. (1992). Research Methods for Bussiness : A Skill Building Approach (2nd ed.). New York : John Wiley $ Sons, Inc.
Siu, O. L., Lu, C. Q., & Spector, P. E. (2007). Employees’ well-being in greater China: The direct and moderating effects of general self-efficacy. Applied Psychology, 56(2), 288–301. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2006.00255.x
Stiglbauer, B., & Batinic, B. (2015). Proactive coping with job insecurity: Is it always beneficial to well-being?. Work & Stress, 29(3), 264-285.
Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian kuantitatif kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta: Bandung.
Sugiyono. (2020). Metode Penelitian kuantitatif kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta: Bandung.
Sverke, M., Hellgren, J., & Näswall, K. (2006). Job insecurity A literature review. National Institute for Working Life, 1, 32. www.arbetslivsinstitutet.se/saltsa
Sverke, Magnus, Hellgren, J., & Näswall, K. (2002). No security: A meta-analysis and review of job insecurity and its consequences. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7(3), 242–264. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.7.3.242
Sverke, M. Hellgren, J. Naswall, K., Chirumbolo, A., De Witte, H., &
Goslinga, S. (2004). Job Insecurity and Unionn Membership : European Unions in The Wake of Flexible Production. Brussels : P. I. E Peterlang S. A, Editions Scientifiques Internationales.
Tarmizi. (2017). Pekerja kontrak berisiko dua kali lipat alami depresi - ANTARA News. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/630991/pekerja-kontrak-berisiko-dua-kali-lipat-alami-depresi
Van Vegchel, N., De Jonge, J., Meijer, T., & Hamers, J. P. H. (2001). Different effort constructs and effort-reward imbalance: Effects on employee well-being in ancillary health care workers. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 34(1), 128–136. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.3411726.x
Vance, R. J., & Kuhnert, K. W. (1988). Job Insecurity and Employee Well-Being. Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association, 18(31), 1–20.
Vu, T. V., Vo-Thanh, T., Nguyen, N. P., Van Nguyen, D., & Chi, H. (2022). The COVID-19 pandemic: Workplace safety management practices, job insecurity, and employees’ organizational citizenship behavior. Safety Science, 145, 105527
Warr, P. (1999). Well-being and the Workplace. September.
Witte, H. De. (1999). Job Insecurity and Psychological Well-being: Review of the Literature and Exploration of Some Unresolved Issues. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(2), 155–177. https://doi.org/10.1080/135943299398302
Witte, H. De. (2000). Arbeidsethos en jobonzekerheid: meting en gevolgen voor welzijn, tevredenheid en inzet op het werk. https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/132844
Wright, T. A., & Staw, B. M. (1999). Affect and favorable work outcomes: Two longitudinal tests of the happy-productive worker thesis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199901)20:1<1::AID-JOB885>3.0.CO;2-W
Wright, T.A. & Cropanzano, R. (2000), “Psychological well-being and job satisfaction as predictors of job performance”, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 84-94.
Yu, S., Gong, X., & Wu, N. (2020). Job insecurity and employee engagement: A moderated dual path model. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(23), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310081
Zheng, X., Zhu, W., Zhao, H., & Zhang, C. (2015). Employee well-being in organizations: Theoretical model, scale development, and cross-cultural validation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(5), 621–644. https://doi.org/10.1002/JOB.1990
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v11i4.8913
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Psikostudia : Jurnal Psikologi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Indexing by :
_________________________________________
PSIKOSTUDIA: Jurnal Psikologi Published by Faculty of Social and Political Siences, University of Mulawarman, Samarinda, East Kalimantan and This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
_________________________________________
PSIKOSTUDIA: Jurnal Psikologi
Department of Psychology
Faculty of Social and Political Siences, University of Mulawarman
Jl. Muara Muntai Kampus Gn. Kelua Samarinda 75411
Phone: +62 813 35350368
E-Mail: psikostudia@fisip.unmul.ac.id