Integrasi Psikoedukasi dan Flashcards untuk Melatih Komunikasi Pada Anak Autism Spectrum Disorder

Christina Albertina Ludwinia Parung, Lena Nessyana Pandjaitan

Abstract


Parents with kids who have Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) usually will do extra activities regarding child care. Many of them have inadequate knowledge of caring kids with ASD properly, and the lack of information results mistreatments. These inadequate treatments given to kids with ASD will impact on the kids’ ASD symptoms and problems. This study aims to investigate the need of integrative intervention that will bring important changes to kids with ASD. This study also suggests to integrate intervention to parents and intervention to kids with ASD. The study is exploratory study in nature, with observations and interviews as instruments. The results of this study give empirical knowledge regarding impact of integrated intervention on ASD. The result of the intervention shows that psycho-education therapy to parents and communication therapy to kids that are done effectively and efficiently proven to be effective. This also proves that intervention that is done consistently can help kids to grow. The limitation of this study is it cannot be used generally as only one subject taken as study sample. Hence, further study needs to be done regarding intervention in bigger scope for proposition testing.

 

Orangtua yang memiliki anak Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) pada umumnya akan melakukan aktivitas ekstra dalam penanganan. Banyak dari mereka tidak memahami betul penanganan yang tepat untuk anak-anak mereka. Banyak orangtua yang melakukan tindakan yang tidak memadai karena kekurangan informasi mengenai penyebab dan langkah apa yang harus dilakukan sebagai orang tua. Perlakuan orangtua yang kurang memahami penanganan ASD akan berdampak pada peningkatan masalah simtom-simtom yang terjadi pada anak ASD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekatan intervensi integratif untuk membawa perubahan penting pada anak-anak dengan gangguan ASD. Intervensi integratif berupa intervensi langsung kepada orangtua dan intervensi kepada anak dengan gangguan ASD. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil intervensi menunjukkan bahwa terapi psiko-edukasi kepada orangtua dan terapi komunikasi dengan flashcard kepada anak yang sesuai kebutuhan dan kompetensi anak terbukti efektif. Hal ini juga menjadi bukti bahwa intervensi dengan konsisten dapat membantu anak menjadi fungsional dan berkembang. Penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan yaitu belum bisa digunakan untuk generalisasi secara luas karena pendekatan yang diambil hanya pada satu subjek. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini menyarankan intervensi dalam ruang lingkup yang lebih luas untuk menguji proposisi.


Keywords


Autism Spectrum Disorder; Psychoeducation; Flashcard

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v11i3.7751

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