Can Teenagers Put Their ‘Shoes’ On Prepetrators and Victims of Bullying?
Abstract
Social perspective taking (SPT) skills are needed to be able to understand that others have different thoughts than ourselves. This ability is one of the cohesive factors of bullying behavior. This study aims to find out the picture of the ability of early adolescent returns in perpetrators and victims of bullying. Conducted using a qualitative approach to explore adolescents' ability to understand other perception, the study involved subjects of 6 adolescents (3 boys and 3 girls) aged between 13 and 15 years. Data collection is done with open questionnaires and interviews based on the instrument The Social Perspective Taking Acts Measure (SPTAM). The object of the study is three themes, namely, the ability to identify the characteristics of the perpetrator and victim (acknowledgement), the thoughts and feelings of the perpetrator and victim (articulation) and the actions of the perpetrator and victim (positioning). The results showed that each participant was able to acknowledgement and positioning and had difficulty articulation. Articulation, which is the ability to identify the thoughts and feelings of perpetrators and victims, involves higher order thinking, which in the adolescent age range is still in the process of development. Thus, it seems that this is an aspect that needs to be improved with external (adult) help in order to be formed so that minimal prerequisites are met to prevent adolescents from engaging in bullying activities.
Kemampuan social perspective taking (SPT) diperlukan untuk dapat memahami bahwa orang lain memiliki pemikiran yang berbeda dari diri kita. Kemampuan tersebut merupakan salah satu faktor korelat dari perilaku perundungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kemampuan SPT remaja awal pada pelaku dan korban perundungan. Dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengeksplorasi kemampuan remaja dalam memahami sudut pandang orang lain, penelitian ini melibatkan subyek yaitu 6 remaja (3 laki-laki dan 3 perempuan) berusia antara 13 dan 15 tahun. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuisioner terbuka dan wawancara berdasarkan instrumen The Social Perspective Taking Acts Measure (SPTAM). Obyek studinya adalah tiga tema yaitu, kemampuan mengidentifikasi karakteristik pelaku dan korban (acknowledgement), pemikiran dan perasaan pelaku dan korban (articulation) serta tindakan pelaku dan korban (positioning). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing partisipan mampu melakukan acknowledgement dan positioning dan mengalami kesulitan melakukan articulation. Articulation, yaitu kemampuan mengidentifikasi pikiran dan perasaan pelaku dan korban, secara melibatkan higher order thinking, yang di kisaran usia remaja masih berada dalam proses perkembangan. Dengan demikian, maka tampaknya ini adalah aspek yang perlu ditingkatkan dengan bantuan eksternal (orang dewasa) agar terbentuk sehingga terpenuhi prasyarat minimal yang diperlukan untuk mencegah remaja dari terlibat dalam kegiatan perundungan
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v11i2.7321
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