Understanding Tourist Behavior through Psychological Theories : A Systematic Literature Review
Abstract
Although research on tourist behavior has expanded significantly, studies integrating various psychological determinants into a comprehensive framework remain limited and fragmented, and the lack of research combining bibliometric analysis with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach has resulted in an incomplete holistic understanding of research trends and key influencing factors. Therefore, this study aims to synthesize the main psychological determinants influencing tourist behavior while identifying publication trends and scholarly contributions in this field. This study employs an SLR approach using the PRISMA framework and the Scopus database, analyzing 50 reputable journal articles published between 2010 and 2025, complemented by bibliometric analysis to examine publication trends, citation impact, and scientific contributions. The findings reveal that tourist behavior is influenced by key psychological factors, including cognitive evaluation, emotional engagement, destination image, social influence, travel motivation, risk perception, and digital media exposure, along with a significant increase in academic interest reflected in an annual publication growth rate of 31.01% and an average of 104.21 citations per document. Emotional experiences, personal motivation, and social interactions emerge as dominant factors influencing travel intention and destination loyalty. Overall, this study highlights the importance of integrating psychological perspectives into tourism research, contributing theoretically by synthesizing previously fragmented literature and offering practical implications for industry stakeholders in designing more engaging, personalized, and sustainable tourism experiences.
Meskipun penelitian mengenai perilaku wisatawan telah berkembang pesat, kajian yang mengintegrasikan berbagai determinan psikologis dalam satu kerangka komprehensif masih terbatas dan cenderung terfragmentasi, serta minimnya studi yang mengombinasikan analisis bibliometrik dengan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) menyebabkan kurangnya pemahaman holistik terkait tren dan faktor utama yang memengaruhi perilaku wisatawan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis determinan psikologis utama yang memengaruhi perilaku wisatawan sekaligus mengidentifikasi tren publikasi dan kontribusi ilmiah dalam bidang tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan SLR dengan kerangka PRISMA dan basis data Scopus, dengan menganalisis 50 artikel jurnal bereputasi yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2010 hingga 2025, serta dilengkapi dengan analisis bibliometrik untuk mengkaji tren publikasi, dampak sitasi, dan kontribusi ilmiah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku wisatawan dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor psikologis utama seperti evaluasi kognitif, keterlibatan emosional, citra destinasi, pengaruh sosial, motivasi perjalanan, persepsi risiko, dan paparan media digital, serta adanya peningkatan signifikan dalam minat akademik yang tercermin dari pertumbuhan publikasi tahunan sebesar 31,01% dan rata-rata 104,21 sitasi per dokumen. Pengalaman emosional, motivasi personal, dan interaksi sosial menjadi faktor dominan dalam memengaruhi niat berwisata dan loyalitas terhadap destinasi. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi perspektif psikologis dalam studi pariwisata, memberikan kontribusi teoretis melalui sintesis literatur yang sebelumnya terfragmentasi, serta menawarkan implikasi praktis bagi pelaku industri dalam merancang pengalaman wisata yang lebih menarik, personal, dan berkelanjutan.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v15i2.26239
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