Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT): A Strategy to Overcome Self-Efficacy Problems in Final-Year Students
Abstract
Self-efficacy is seen as a person's belief in their abilities that will influence them in reacting to certain situations and conditions. Individuals with low self-efficacy unable to think rationally and are hampered by negative views of their environment. In final year students, low levels of self-efficacy can cause feelings of discouragement, feeling down, avoidance, and difficulty in focusing. Interventions that can be used in dealing with low self-efficacy are the Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). The purpose of this study was to see how Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) can overcome self-efficacy problems in final year students. This study is an experimental study using a single case design with the A-B technique. The subject was a 21-year-old final year student. Measurement of the subject's self-efficacy level was carried out using The Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) which has been adapted into Indonesian. Additional assessments in the form of interviews, observations, IST tests, SSCT tests, and EPPS tests were added. Intervention using the Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) method was carried out in 5 sessions. The results of this study indicate that the application of CBT can increase the level of self-efficacy of the subjects from the low category to the moderate category.
Self-efficacy dipandang sebagai keyakinan seseorang akan kemampuannya yang akan mempengaruhinya dalam bereaksi terhadap situasi dan kondisi tertentu. Individu dapat memiliki self-efficacy yang rendah diakibatkan menerapkan konsep berpikir yang kurang tepat sehingga tidak mampu berpikir rasional dan terhambat oleh pandangan-pandangan negatif di sekitarnya. Pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir, rendahnya tingkat self-efficacy dapat menyebabkan munculnya rasa tidak semangat, merasa down, munculnya perilaku menunda, menghindar, dan kesulitan dalam fokus saat pengerjaan skripsinya. Intervensi yang dapat digunakan dalam menangani self-efficacy rendah adalah metode Cogntive Behavior Therapy (CBT). Maka dari itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana penerapan Cogntive Behavior Therapy (CBT) dapat mengatasi permasalahan self-efficacy pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang menggunakan desain single case dengan teknik A-B. Subjek merupakan seorang mahasiswa tingkat akhir berusia 21 tahun. Pengukuran terhadap tingkat self-efficacy subjek dilakukan dengan menggunakan The Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) yang telah diadaptasi dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Asesmen tambahan berupa wawancara, observasi, tes IST, tes SSCT, dan tes EPPS ditambahkan untuk memastikan adanya permasalahan self-efficacy pada subjek. Intervensi menggunakan metode Cogntive Behavior Therapy (CBT) dilakukan sebanyak 5 sesi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan CBT dapat meningkatkan tingkat self-efficacy subjek dari kategori rendah ke kategori sedang.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v14i4.20210
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