Behavior Modification Intervention with Antecedent Control Technique to Improve Toilet Training in Toilet-Resistant Children

Isqi Karimah, Mayke S. Tedjasaputra

Abstract


Toilet training represents a crucial yet challenging stage in a child's development of independence (Setiawati & Putriana, 2019). Therefore, intervention becomes essential when a child encounters obstacles in completing toilet training, particularly when the child exhibits significant resistance to using the toilet. This study aims to enhance urination behavior in children resistant to toilet training (e.g., exhibiting tantrums when prompted to use the toilet) and experiencing setbacks in the toilet training process. The research employed a single-subject A-B with follow-up design, involving a sole participant (N=1). The intervention techniques utilized included antecedent control procedures and reinforcement, packaged in the form of games tailored to the child's interests. The intervention spanned 24 days, comprising 3 days for baseline assessment and measurement sessions, 14 days for intervention sessions, and 7 days for follow-up sessions. The study's findings reveal an increase in the frequency of children urinating in the toilet without refusal or tantrums, achieved through behavior modification interventions utilizing antecedent control procedures.

Toilet training merupakan tahapan penting sekaligus menantang bagi perkembangan kemandirian anak (Setiawati & Putriana, 2019). Oleh sebab itu, intervensi sangat dibutuhkan jika anak memiliki hambatan dalam menyelesaikan toilet training, khususnya jika anak cukup resisten untuk diajak ke toilet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan perilaku buang air kecil di toilet pada anak yang resisten (misalnya, selalu tantrum saat diajak ke toilet) dan mengalami kemunduran dalam proses toilet training. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian single subject A-B with follow-up design, yaitu hanya melibatkan satu partisipan (N=1). Teknik intervensi yang digunakan adalah teknik antecedent control procedure dan reinforcement yang dikemas dalam bentuk permainan yang disesuaikan dengan minat anak. Intervensi berlangsung selama 24 hari, yaitu 3 hari untuk sesi asesmen dan pengukuran baseline, 14 hari untuk sesi intervensi, dan 7 hari untuk sesi follow up. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan frekuensi anak untuk buang air kecil di toilet tanpa disertai dengan penolakan dan juga tantrum melalui intervensi modifikasi perilaku dengan teknik antecedent control procedure. 


Keywords


Antecedent Control Procedure, Toilet-Resistant Children, Urination

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v12i3.12018

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