Measurement of Parenting Types Based on Adolescent Perspective: Modification and Content Validity Analysis of the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ)

Dita Rachmayani, Namirah Zabrina

Abstract


Parents develop their own rules for their children by having appropriate parenting methods. Measurements of parenting style types from several studies were measured based on parents' perspectives, while very rarely measurements of parenting style types were assessed based on adolescents' perspectives. Therefore, this research aims to test content validity by modifying the Parenting Styles and Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ) measuring instrument compiled by Robinson et al (1995) which has three factors, namely authoritative 15 items, authoritarian 12 items and permissive 5 items with a total of 32 items with the aim of this measuring tool can be used for teenagers. The research method used in this research is quantitative descriptive involving three expert panels in the fields of Developmental Psychology, Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychometrics. Data analysis uses Content Validity Ratio (CVR). The research results show that each type of parenting style is invalid, because the average value of V Aiken is below 1.00. Based on these results, improvements to the scale were carried out in accordance with expert advice before conducting a reliability test analysis to measure the consistency of the PSDQ scale in adolescents. After the scale was revised and distributed to a number of 72 teenagers with an age range of 12-21 years, the results showed that this modified PSDQ modification scale for authoritative had a reliability of 0.935, authoritarian of 0.872 and permissive of 0.631. The implication of this research is that it can help in measuring the type of parenting style of parents from the perspective of adolescents by looking at parents' behavior in caring for them.

Orang tua mengembangkan aturan-aturan tersendiri bagi anaknya dengan memiliki cara pengasuhan yang sesuai. Pengukuran tipe pola asuh dari beberapa penelitian diukur berdasarkan perspektif orang tua, sementara sangat jarang pengukuran tipe pola asuh dinilai berdasarkan perspektif remaja. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji validitas isi dengan memodifikasi alat ukur Parenting Styles and Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ) yang disusun oleh Robinson et al (1995) yang memiliki tiga faktor yaitu otoritatif 15 item, otoriter 12 item dan permisif 5 item dengan total 32 item dengan tujuan alat ukur ini dapat digunakan untuk remaja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan melibatkan tiga panel ahli di bidang Psikologi Perkembangan, Psikologi Anak dan Remaja serta  Psikometri. Analisis data menggunakan Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap tipe pola asuh tidak valid, karena nilai rata-rata V Aiken dibawah 1,00. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, perbaikan skala dilakukan sesuai dengan saran ahli sebelum dilakukan analisis uji reliabilitas untuk mengukur konsistensi dari skala PSDQ pada remaja. Setelah skala direvisi dan disebarkan kepada sejumlah 72 remaja dengan rentang usia 12-21 tahun, didapatkan hasil bahwa skala modifikasi PSDQ untuk otoritatif memiliki reliabilitas sebesar 0.935, otoriter sebesar 0.872 dan permisif sebesar 0.631. Implikasi penelitian ini dapat membantu dalam mengukur tipe pola asuh orang tua dalam perspektif remaja dengan melihat perilaku orang tua dalam mengasuh mereka.

Orang tua mengembangkan aturan-aturan tersendiri bagi anaknya dengan memiliki cara pengasuhan yang sesuai. Pengukuran tipe pola asuh dari beberapa penelitian diukur berdasarkan perspektif orang tua, sementara sangat jarang pengukuran tipe pola asuh dinilai berdasarkan perspektif remaja. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji validitas isi dengan memodifikasi alat ukur Parenting Styles and Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ) yang disusun oleh Robinson et al (1995) yang memiliki tiga faktor yaitu otoritatif 15 item, otoriter 12 item dan permisif 5 item dengan total 32 item dengan tujuan alat ukur ini dapat digunakan untuk remaja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan melibatkan tiga panel ahli di bidang Psikologi Perkembangan, Psikologi Anak dan Remaja serta  Psikometri. Analisis data menggunakan Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap tipe pola asuh tidak valid, karena nilai rata-rata V Aiken dibawah 1,00. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, perbaikan skala dilakukan sesuai dengan saran ahli sebelum dilakukan analisis uji reliabilitas untuk mengukur konsistensi dari skala PSDQ pada remaja. Setelah skala direvisi dan disebarkan kepada sejumlah 72 remaja dengan rentang usia 12-21 tahun, didapatkan hasil bahwa skala modifikasi PSDQ untuk otoritatif memiliki reliabilitas sebesar 0.935, otoriter sebesar 0.872 dan permisif sebesar 0.631. Implikasi penelitian ini dapat membantu dalam mengukur tipe pola asuh orang tua dalam perspektif remaja dengan melihat perilaku orang tua dalam mengasuh mereka.

Keywords


Modification; Parenting; Psychological Scale; Adolescents

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v12i4.10475

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