Cognitive Behavior Therapy Pada Individu Yang Mengalami Depresi

Irpan Zuhri, Faridah Ainur Rohmah

Abstract


Depression is an important issue in mental health that needs special attention. The subjects in this study were 23-year-old early adults with depressive disorders. This study used a quantitative experimental approach using a single case pretest posttest design. Data collection methods used by researchers are observation, interviews, and psychological tests. The psychological tests given to the subjects were cognitive tests, namely the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) test, personality tests, namely the Graphic, Wartegg, and Rorschach tests as well as the Sack's Sentence Completion Test (SSCT) inventory test and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) test. The intervention used is Cognitive Behavior Therapy. The target of the intervention is to change the subject's cognitive distortions into more realistic thoughts so that the subject's depression can be overcome. The results of the intervention showed that Cognitive Behavior Therapy was effective in reducing the subject's depression. This is shown from the Beck Depression Inventory Test, namely the subject's level of depression is at the level of mild depression with a score of 12 and after a series of interventions it decreases to a normal level with a score of 8.

Depresi merupakan salah satu isu penting dalam kesehatan mental yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah individu dewasa awal berusia 23 tahun yang mengalami gangguan depresi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif eksperimen dengan menggunakan rancangan single case pre test post test. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan peneliti yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan tes psikologi. Tes psikologi yang diberikan kepada subjek berupa, tes kognitif yaitu tes Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), tes kepribadian yaitu tes Grafis, Wartegg, dan Rorschach serta tes inventori Sack’s Sentence Comletion Test (SSCT) dan tes Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Intervensi yang digunakan adalah Cognitive Behavior Therapy. Target intervensi adalah mengubah distorsi kognitif subjek menjadi pemikiran yang lebih realistis sehingga depresi yang dialami subjek dapat teratasi.  Hasil intervensi menunjukkan bahwa Cognitive Behavior Therapy Efektif dalam menurunkan depresi yang dialami subjek. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari Tes Beck Depression Inventory yaitu tingkatan depresi subjek berada pada tingkatan depresi ringan dengan skor 12 dan setelah dilakukan serangkaian intervensi menurun berada pada tingkatan normal dengan skor 8.


Keywords


Cognitive behavior therapy, depression, adolescent

Full Text:

FULL TEXT

References


Adriansyah, M. A., Rahayu, D., & Prastika, N. D. (2015). Pengaruh Terapi Berpikir Positif dan Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) Terhadap Penurunan Kecemasan Pada Mahasiswa Universitas Mulawarman. Psikostudia: Jurnal Psikologi, 4(2). https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/268076001.pdf

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (4th ed.). American Psychiatric Association.

Chodijah, M. (2019). Bullying Behavior Among Elementary School Students In East Bandung Region. Indigenous: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi,3(2),51–56. https://doi.org/10.23917/indigenous.v3i2.6057

Corey, G. (2009). Theory And Practice Of Counseling And Psychotherapy. In California State University, Fullerton Diplomate in Counseling Psychology American Board of Professional Psychology (9th ed.). California State University, Fullerton Diplomate in Counseling Psychology American Board of Professional Psychology. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315666792

Dianovinina, K. (2018). Depresi pada Remaja: Gejala dan Permasalahannya. Journal Psikogenesis, 6(1), 69–78. https://doi.org/10.24854/jps.v6i1.634

Dirgayunita, A. (2016). Depresi: Ciri, Penyebab dan Penangannya. Journal An-Nafs: Kajian Penelitian Psikologi, 1(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.33367/psi.v1i1.235

Eduardo, J., & Bernard, R. (2018). Depression : a review of its definition. MOJ Addiction Medicine & Therapy, 5(1), 6–7. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojamt.2018.05.00082

Fenn, K., & Byrne, M. (2013). The key principles of cognitive behavioural therapy. InnovAiT: Education and Inspiration for General Practice, 6(9), 579–585. https://doi.org/10.1177/1755738012471029

Fitriani, A. (2017). Cognitive Behavior Religious Therapy Untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Episode Depresi Pada Pasien Depresi Dengan Gejala Psikotik. Proyeksi, 12(1), 77–87.https://doi.org/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jp.12.1.77-87

G, M., Mauri, M., & Rossi, A. (2015). Anxiety and depression. Journal of Psychopathology,313–324. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199973965.013.27

Hadi, I., Usman, R. D., Rosyanti, L., Keperawatan, J., Kendari, P. K., Kendari, P. K., Kendari, P. K., & Kendari, P. K. (2017). Gangguan Depresi Mayor: Mini Review. Hijp : Health Information Jurnal Penelitian,9(1),16. https://myjurnal.poltekkes-kdi.ac.id/index.php/HIJP

Harumi, B. P. Y., Hartini, N., & Cahyanti, I. Y. (2021). Efektivitas Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) pada Dewasa Autistik yang Mengalami Depresi: Systematic Literature Review. Jurnal Diversita on Autistic Adults, 7(2),259–266. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31289/diversita.v7i2.5158

Hasanah, U. (2022). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy pada remaja dengan gangguan depresi. Procedia : Studi Kasus Dan Intervensi Psikologi, 10(4), 119–124. https://doi.org/10.22219/procedia.v10i4.16352

Hudiyawati, D., & Prakoso, A. M. (2020). Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to Reduce Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Hospitalized Patients with Congestive Heart Failure in Central Java. Jurnal Ners, 14(3), 367–373. https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v14i3.17215

Ibda, F. (2015). Perkembangan Kognitif: Teori Jean Piaget. Intelektualita, 3(1), 27–37. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/242904-perkembangan-kognitif-teori-jean-piaget-48e0bd89.pdf

Labanya, B., Bhushan, C., Daniel, S., & Preethi, M. (2013). Cognitive Behavior Therapy. Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University, 6(2),132–138. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351203234-3

Marlina, L., Savitri, I. M., Ramdani, A., & ... (2014). Pengaruh Cognitive Behavior Therapy dan Tekhnik Relaksasi Terhadap Poskotuwa (Program Stop Merokok Mahasiswa). Psikostudia: Jurnal …, 3(2), 102–108. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/268075995.pdf

Maslim, R. (2001). PPDGJ III Buku Saku Diagnosis Gangguan Jiwa Bagian ilmu kedokteran Jiwa. FK: Unika Atmajaya.

Nathalia, V., & Elvira, M. (2021). Terapi Kognitif Menurunkan Depresi Pada Lansia. JURNAL KESEHATAN PERINTIS (Perintis’s Health Journal),7(2),87–91. https://doi.org/10.33653/jkp.v7i2.476

Nugraha, J. (2022). Tingkat Depresi di Indonesia Meningkat, Ketahui Penyebab dan Cara Mencegahnya.Merdeka.Com. https://www.merdeka.com/jateng/tingkat-depresi-di-indonesia-meningkat-ketahui-penyebab-dan-cara-mencegahnya-kln.html

Prayitno, E., Tarigan, N., Sukmawaty, W., & Mauidzoh, U. (2022). Gangguan Mental Emosional Dan Depresi Pada Remaja. Healthcare Nursing Journal, 2(4), 4787–4794. https://www.bajangjournal.com/index.php/J-ABDI/article/view/3641/2684

Radiani, W. A. (2016). Cognitive Behavior Therapy Untuk Penurunan Depresi Pada Orang Dengan Kehilangan Penglihatan. InSight,18(1),66–82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26486/psikologi.v18i1.349

Rizkiawati, R., & Asiah, D. H. S. (2016). Mengatasi Masalah Distorsi Kognitif Pada Klien Usia Remaja Dengan Metode Cognitive Restructring Form. Share : Social Work Journal, 6(2), 244. https://doi.org/10.24198/share.v6i2.13212

Rokom. (2021). Kemenkes Beberkan Masalah Permasalahan Kesehatan Jiwa di Indonesia. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/rilis-media/20211007/1338675/kemenkes-beberkan-masalah-permasalahan-kesehatan-jiwa-di-indonesia/

Roy, N. (2022). Depression and Anxiety Role of Depression in Diabetes. J Dep Anxiety, 11(1000480),11–12. https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-1044.22.11.480

Santi, R., Suryani., Aat, S., Efri, W., & Andri, N. (2021). Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) Pada Pasien Pasca Stroke dengan Depresi Literatur Review. Jurnal Medika Cendikia, 08,57–65. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33482/medika.v8i2.158

Sperry, L., & Sperry, J. (2016). Cognitive Behavior Therapy of DSM-5 Personality Disorders. Taylor & Francis.

Stoyanova, S. Y. (2014). Depression — Factors , Symptoms , Prevention and the Role of Open Journal of Depression. Open Journal of Depression, 3(1), 3–4. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojd.2014.31002

Walker, E. R., McGee, R. E., & Druss, B. G. (2015). Mortality in mental disorders and global disease burden implications a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry, 72(4), 334–341. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.2502

Westbrook, D., Kennerley, H., & Kirk, J. (2007). An introduction to cognitive behaviour therapy: Skills and applications. Sage.

Yusuf, U., & Setianto, L. (2013). Efektivitas “Cognitive Behavior Therapy” terhadap Penurunan Derajat Stres. MIMBAR, Jurnal Sosial Dan Pembangunan, 29(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v29i2.387




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v12i2.10264

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Psikostudia : Jurnal Psikologi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

Indexing by :

         

_________________________________________

PSIKOSTUDIA: Jurnal Psikologi Published by Faculty of Social and Political Siences, University of Mulawarman, Samarinda, East Kalimantan and This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 _________________________________________

PSIKOSTUDIA: Jurnal Psikologi

Department of Psychology
Faculty of Social and Political Siences, University of Mulawarman
Jl. Muara Muntai Kampus Gn. Kelua Samarinda 75411
Phone: +62 813 35350368
E-Mail: psikostudia@fisip.unmul.ac.id