CELIE SUFFERING IN THE NOVEL THE COLOR PURPLE BY ALICE WALKER

The main problem of this research is the way in which the suffering experienced by the character Celie and the form of suffering with the study of literary psychology that is reflected in the novel The Purple Color by Alice Walker. The source of the research data is Alice Walker’s novel The Color Purple. The data sources used were primary and secondary data. Primary data sources are the Color Purple novel itself and secondary data sources are other sources related to the analysis, such as author biographies and other relevant information. This research method uses qualitative descriptive methods. In the analysis of the novel The Color Purple, the data analysis technique used in this research is an approach of literary psychology that focuses on the psychology of the main character Cellie with the following steps: data classification, data analysis, data description, and data interpretation. The results of this study indicate that the main character Celie experiences various kinds of suffering ranging from physical, psychological, even sexual suffering.

things created by God with all their faults and strengths.Where society generally builds that men are creatures that are considered strong and women are considered weak physically.For this reason, women are considered to be in need of protection.However, with the weaknesses that women have, they become objects of violence.Women as creatures to be loved and protected are objects of violence perpetrated by men who are very close to them.Women are more victims than men because, in essence, this violence is caused by the imbalance of violence between men and women that society trusts.
Violence against women is an act committed by a person based on the gender and power normally held by men.Violence against women often occurs in society because women are seen as weak creatures in the eyes of men who can be used to satisfy lust.
In the novel The Color Purple, it is one of Alice Walker's novels that tells the story of the suffering of a female character who was to be in the lowest caste order at that time.It is also the most familiar work to the public, as it depicts the fate of African-American women.The novel tells the story of a main character, Celie, who has lived in poverty since she was a child.He has always received ill-treatment from his father, starting with physical torture or even being used as a satisfaction for his lust.Even though he has always endured suffering, he has nevertheless endured and been patient in the face of all difficulties.
This research is also inseparable from the previous research, which serves as a reference for its research.Research on character suffering has been widely conducted.However, research on Celie's suffering in Alice Walker's The Color Purple using literary psychology analysis has not been widely carried out.As in Anggun Kinanti's thesis "The Suffering of Women in the Novel Heaven that Asma Nadia and Rembang Jingga Work Don't Miss de Tj.Oetoro and Dwiyana Premadi and the "High School Learning Design" which aims to describe the suffering in the novel Heaven which is not missed by Asma Nadia and Rembang Jingga by TJ.Oetoro and Dwiyana Premadi and their high school lesson plans.
There are differences from previous research in the form of novels being researched.In previous research, the novels Heaven That Was Not Missed by Asma Nadia and Rembang Jingga by TJ.Oetoro and Dwiyana Premadi and Learning Design in high school, but in this study on Alice Walker's novel The Color Purple which cannot be taught in schools.In this study, the researchers used the theory of literary psychology and examined more deeply the suffering of the character Celie.The researcher used Alice Walker's novel The Color Purple as a research object.
Based on the above context, this analysis of suffering is very appropriate for studying Alice Walker's novel.This research focuses on the suffering of the main character, Celie.Therefore, this research has the title "The Suffering of the Celie Character in Alice Walker's The Color Purple Novel."The title of the research talks about suffering that will give the reader a new understanding to add the interpretation of the part of the analysis, Solving problems and all this will be up to the reader.
The problem formulation in this research is how do you describe the suffering of the character Celie and What is the form of suffering experienced by the character Celie with the study of literary psychology in Alice Walker's novel The Color Purple?
The purpose of this research is to describe the description of the suffering of the character Celie and the factors causing the suffering in Alice Walker's novel The Color Purple with the study of literary psychology?
The benefits of this research are expected to deepen and enrich knowledge about the study of English literature.especially with the study of literary psychology and this research should complement existing research with different ways and perceptions so that a diversity of understanding and interpretation can be obtained with each of the arguments.can be scientifically justified and can help readers to better understand the content of the story in the novel The Purple Color, especially with regard to the psychology of the main character Celie and the various incidents faced with the use ofisciplines, namely psychology and literature.

B. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS 1. Theory of Suffering by Azam Syukur
The problem of suffering is very interesting to discuss in depth because suffering is detrimental to ourselves or to those around us, that we must be patient when we are put on trial.God creates not only suffering but also happiness, the satisfaction of the individual will choose to suffer, or to escape suffering.Suffering teaches us to always remember God and to ask him for help.We humans will go through phases to resolve suffering in life, a process that teaches us that God and trial are very important.
Suffering itself is the pain, both physical and psychological, that weakens a person, the part that suffers the costs for incoming suffering.However, a person suffers when one is physically, but psychologically unharmed, and does not control.That is to say that there is suffering when there is an area that threatens suffering, which depends on its heart/ soul.(Azam Syukur, 2016: 6)

2.
Theory of Analysis structural according to A. Teeuw A. Teeuw (1984:135) states that in principle structural theory aims to study, reveal and describe as closely as possible the linkages and relationships that exist between the elements which together produce a complete meaning.In this connection, what is important in structural theory is the relationship between elements that builds logical relationships.The most striking feature of this structure is its attention to wholeness and totality.Structural people believe that the totality is more important than the part.

3.
Study of Literary Psychology (In Ratna, 2020: 342-343) By definition, the goal of literary psychology is to understand the psychological aspects contained in a work.However, this does not mean that the psychological analysis of literature is totally independent of the needs of society.By understanding the characters, for example, society can understand the changes, contradictions and other deviations that occur in society, especially in relation to psychology.There are three ways to understand the relationship between psychology and literature: a. Understanding the psychological elements of the author as a writer.b.Understanding the psychological elements of fictional characters in literary works c.Understand the reader's psychological elements.
Basically, literary psychology pays attention to the second problem, namely the discussion in relation to the psychological elements of fictional characters contained in literary works.As a world of words, literary works incorporate various aspects of life, especially humans.In general, these aspects of humanity are the main objects of literary psychology, because it is only in humans that, as characters, the psychological aspects are implanted and invested.
Literary psychology (literary psychology) is a manifestation of the vibrations of the soul in written form.This article talks about the personality of an individual describing the psychic of the individual that determines the behavior and thoughts of a typical individual.Literature is used by the author as a tool to penetrate the inner self of the individual which is represented by the characters to be raised to the surface so that it can be understood by the reader on the psychology of the characters presented by the author.

C. METHOD
The research method is a system or procedure used to conduct research to obtain appropriate results in the production of a research or scientific document.This study uses a qualitative descriptive method.Nyoman Kutha Ratna in his book Theory, Methods and Techniques of Literary Research, he states that "Qualitative methods as a whole are means of interpretation by presenting them in the form of descriptions".Based on the object of the problem studied, namely the suffering of the character Celie, and the factors that caused this suffering in Alice Walker's novel The Color Purple, the researchers used a qualitative descriptive method based on the dialogue contained in the novel.Her research focuses on the suffering of the character Celie in Alice Walker's novel The Color Purple.The data sources used were primary and secondary data.Primary data sources are the Color Purple novel itself and secondary data sources are other sources related to the analysis, such as author biographies and other relevant information.The data collection techniques used in this research were: 1) The reading technique is a technique of carefully reading Alice Walker's novel The Color Purple.
2) The note-taking technique is for the researcher to record the data from the reading.The researchers, as a key instrument, made careful, targeted and in-depth observations of the data sources used as the main focus of this study.
The data analysis technique used in this study is a literary psychology approach that focuses on the psychology of the main character Cellie and is analyzed on the basis of structural elements with the following steps: data identification, data classification, data analysis, data description and data interpretation.

1.
Describe the suffering of Celie's character through the analysis of the fictional elements of the novel, including the characters/characterizations, and the setting in Alice Walker's The Color Purple Novel.
In this research, the researcher discusses and describes the elements of fiction, namely the characterizations, themes, intrigue and framework contained in Alice Walker's The Color Purple based on the data obtained and based on relevant concepts, namely:

a. Character and Characterization
The term character refers to the person, the actor of the story, for example as an answer to the question: "Who is the main character of the novel?" or "How many people are in the novel?" etc. Characterization, character, characterization and character refer to the character's traits and attitudes as interpreted by the reader, referring more to a character's personal qualities.(Burhan Nurgiyantoro, 2015: 247)

1) Celie Characters
Cellie is said to be a black girl who is only 14 years old who is considered not to have a good physique and a beautiful face, and still experiences violence, whether it is physical, mental or sexual violence that she received from her stepfather who is often called Pa.In the beginning, the character Celie is described as always resigned to face all the cruel acts of his father.He only poured out his heart by writing letters to God, because he believed that only God could keep his secrets safe.
First he put his thing up gaints my hip and sort of wiggle it around.Then he grab hold my tities.Then he push his thing inside my pussy.When that hurt, I cry.He start to choke me, saying You better shut up and git used to it.(Alice Walker, 2003 Walker, 2003:17-18) From the quotation above, we can see that the character of Cellie is unable to fight what his father told him to do, even if it hurts him, he can only cry.He just wanted to do what it took to survive, he didn't know how to make himself capable of fighting all the cruelty he had received.

2) Nettie Characters
Nettie is said to be Celiie's younger sister, a girl who is smart, responsible and has a beautiful face.She is also a sweet, patient and independent girl.Don't let them run over you, Nettie say.You got to let them know who got the upper hand.They got it, I say.But she keep on, You got to fight.You got fight.But I don't know how to fight.All I know how to do stay alive.(Alice Walker, 2003:17-18) From the quotation above, Nettie always tries to make Celie his sister who is closest to his heart, so that Celie can live in confidence, independently and without feeling the suffering of the cruelty of the men around her.In addition, Nettie also has an inflexible nature, we can see it when Nettie continues to send letters to Cellie, with the hope that God will be generous and Cellie can receive letters that he has sent for over thirty years, although there is very little chance that Cellie could receive it seems that Cellie lived under pressure from her abusive husband

3) Characters of Pa (a father of Celie and Nettie)
Pa's character is Cellie and Nettie's stepfather.The pa figure is described as someone who has a high sexual desire, is selfish and controlling.He raped Celie, who was then fourteen years old because his sick wife refused to serve him.The character of Pa takes all his anger on Celie, so that from the beginning Celie has always suffered because of the character of Pa who always makes arbitrary to Celie.Well, next time you come you can look at her.She ugly.Don"t even look like she kin to Nettie.But she"ll make the better wife.She ain"t smart either, and I"ll just be fair, you have to watch her or she"ll give away everything you own.But she can work like a man.(Alice Walker, 2003:8)  From the quotation above, we can see that the character Pa really does not like Celie who has an ugly face, so he always tortures Celie if Celie does not obey him.

4) The character of M._____ (husband of Celie)
Harpo ast his daddy why he beat me.Mr. Xsay, cause she my wife.Plus she stubborn.(Alice Walker,2003:23) The author does not really describe the character that M. X or Celie's husband is specifically, he is only described as having a bad character.So he always treated Cellie badly because of her bad head.

5) The character of Shug Avery
Under all that powder her face black as Harpo.She got a long pointed nose and big fleshy mouth.Lips look like black plum.Eyes big, glossy.Feverish.And mean.(Alice Walker, 2003:46) From the above quote, it is illustrated that the character Shug Avery is a black woman who has a large body, short, wrinkled hair, a pointed nose, thick, plum-wet black lips, and has wide, pointed eyes.In addition to having a sensual character, Shug is also described as having a masculine side.Shug is able to defend himself and is able to determine the attitude of injustice that occurs.She is able to control men to submit to her.

6) The character of Sofia
Sofia look half her size.But she still a big strong girl.Arms got muscle.Legs too.(Alice Walker, 2003: 35) From the quotation above, we can see that Sofia Butler is a dominant woman, strong, hard and assertive.She has never been dependent on men and is able to work hard, but she is still a woman full of affection for her husband and children.
Sofia Butler is the wife of Harpo (Celie's son-in-law) even though their marriage is not sanctioned.Sofia was born into a family that has a strong physique and is supported by a strong sister.Therefore, they always try to support and help each other when dealing with men.

b. Setting
Setting which is also known as a support point, refers to the significance of the place, the historical relationship of time, and the social environment in which the events that are told occur.(Abrams, 1999: 284) en (Burhan Nurgiyantoro, 2015: 302) Although The Color Purple novel is a period novel, in it there is no clear indication of time or events.The novel does not mention a date, rarely even explaining the time of occurrence of an event or the age of the characters.However, if you look at the culture and system of community life as it is described, the novel is generally located in the southern region of the United States of America in 1910-1940.

1) Setting of The Place
In detail, there are two places that are described as the setting of the place in this novel, namely the southern United States and Africa.There are two points in the background of the square in the southern United States, namely Georgia in rural areas, and the city of Memphis in Tennessee.She went to visit her doctor over Macon.(Alice Walker, 2003:1) So what is it like in Memphis?Shug"s house is big and pink and look sort of like a barn.Cept where you would put hay, she got bedrooms and toilets and a big ballroom where she and her band sometime work.She got plenty grounds round the house and a bunch of monuments and a fountain out front.She got statues of folks I never heard of and never hope to see.She got a whole bunch of elephants and turtles everywhere.Some big, some little, some in the fountain, some up under the trees.Turtles and elephants.And all over her house.Curtains got elephants, bedspreads got turtles.(Alice Walker, 2003:211) From the above, the author describes the life of Shug Avery in the city of Memphis.The city of Memphis is where Shug's house is located.He and Cellie lived in a large and unique house that he owned.This is where Cellie started her business by making trousers that were distributed to those around her.
Here, the author tries to show that the context of regional origin has a considerable impact on Shug Avery's influence on Celie.Shug is from Memphis, Tennessee, while Celie is from a village in Georgia.Tennessee and Georgia are both in the southern part of the United States where the majority of the population is black, it's just that Tennessee is more advanced than Georgia, even the city of Memphis can be considered one of the major cities of the region.The great and free city of Mmephis represents the character of the Shug which is free and open-minded, while the countryside of Georgia represents the character of the narrow and narrow-minded Celie.Celie's move to Memphis symbolizes Celie's change from being restrictive to independent and open.
Since there was nowhere to sleep in the port, Joseph hired some porters from among the young men loafing around trading post and we left right away for Olinka, some four days march through the bush.(Alice Walker, 2003:150) What can I tell you about New York-or even about the train that took us there!We had to ride in the sit-down section of the rain, but Celie, there are beds come down out of the walls, over the tops of the seats, and are called berths.Only white people can ride in the beds and use the restaurant.And they have different toilets from colored.(Alice Walker, 2003:135) It was the funniest thing to stop over in Monrovia after my first glimpse of Africa, which was Senegal.(Alice Walker, 2003:141) The second is the village of Olinka in Africa.The village is where Nettie spent his time as a missionary with the family of the Reverend Mr._____ teaching the villagers how to read and pray according to Christian teachings.However, before going to Africa, they made the first stop at several places such as New York and Monrovia.
The author provides details on New York and Monrovia as transit points for Nettie and her entourage so that readers can understand the social and social context they are trying to present.What Nettie said about New York suggested that the United States was experiencing national upheavals and many global problems affecting every aspect of the lives of its people.However, this does not seem to have a significant impact on the people in the area where Celie lives.This makes it even clearer that the area where Celie lives is a rural area that seems to have a clean life cycle, and implies that the flow of information at that time was still deficient.The details on Monrovia are used to provide a glimpse of the black people who became the leaders (government) there.This gives Celie a lesson: Blacks can rule and live independently, so that Celie can see blacks, including herself, not in a low but respectful way.This is important as a process of self-maturation as well as a mental self-respect for Celie, which in turn allows her to see herself as an entire person.On the other hand, the details of Nettie's trips to New York, Monrovia, Olinka as Yuni NurbayaniCelie Suffering in the Novel The Color Purple by Alice Walker CaLLs, Volume 7 Nomor 1 (2021) 83 P-ISSN 2460-674X | E-ISSN 2549-7707 :1) Don't let them run over you, Nettie say.You got to let them know who got the upper hand.They got it, I say.But she keep on, You got to fight.You got fight.But I don't know how to fight.All I know how to do stay alive.(Alice Yuni NurbayaniCelie Suffering in the Novel The Color Purple by Alice Walker